Blood Basics Flashcards
Content of blood
RBCs
WBCs
Platelets
Plasma
Cells occupy what pecentage of total volume?
40%
In 70kg male, how many litres of blood, how many red cells, how long do they survive for?
5 litres of blood
2.5x10^12
120 days
What is haematopoiesis?
Formation of blood cells
Sites of Haematopoiesis: 0-2 months, 2-7 months, 5-9 months, Infant, Adult.
Yolk sac, liver, spleen, marrow, verterbrae, rib, sternum
Most common cells in blood
RBCs
How many in 1ml of blood?
4-5 million
Why are RBCs bioconcave
Surface area + flexibility
Where are RBCs removed
Spleen
What does haemoglobin consist of?
4 globin chains
each has one Fe which contains the haem group
How many 02 molecules can one haem group carry?
4
What is erythropoiesis
Production of blood after signalling from kidney to bone marrow.
How many WBCs per litre
5x10^9
Name all types of WBCs
Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Monocytes Lymphocytes
Neutrophils: What % of WBCs? Lifespan? Defence mechanism (specific/non-specific) How long can survive in tissues? Lobing
60% 6-10hrs non-specific few days Lobed
Eosinophils: % of WBCs Lobing circulation time Defence
1%
Bilobed Nucleus
parasitc defence + allergies
4-5 hours
Basophils:
% of WBCs
Defence
<1%
Inflammatory
Monocytes: % of WBCs Smallest or Biggest Circulation time Mature into... Function
5% Biggest circulate for 10 hours, then move to tissues Macrophages remove RBCs
Lymphocytes: % of WBCs Nucleus shape & size Lifespan Defence
33%
Round, Large
variable
specific, receptors on surface
T-Lymphocytes:
Develop in…
Responsible for…
Thymus
Cell-mediated immunity
T-helper cells:
Secretes ……. which activates…..
Cytokines
Killer cells
T Cytotoxic are
Killer Cells
B-Lymph cells:
Derived from…
produces…
Bone Marrow
antibodies
Natural Killer Cells:
defence, (3 parts)
non-specific
viral
cancer defence
Platelets (Thrombocytes):
responsible for…
life span
blood clotting, arrest of blood loss
10-12 days
Plasma:
Carries
regulates
Is always electrically +ve -ve or neutral
electrolytes, proteins
osmotic balance
neutral
