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Clin Path > VACCINATIONS > Flashcards

VACCINATIONS Flashcards

0
Q

What is an antibody?

A

Protien produced by lymphocytes to neutralize antigens

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1
Q

Four reasons to vaccinate?

A

Fatal disease
Zoonotic disease
Limited treatment options
Economics

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2
Q

What is an antigen?

A

Antibody generation protien that identifies self from non self

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3
Q

What are three ways to determine what we should vaccinate against?

A

Core vs non core
Lifestyle
Animals health, age, breed, activity level etc

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4
Q

Describe the canine core vaccines in general

A

Four viral diseases
Three highly contagious to dogs
Two have high mortality rates
One fatal zoonotic virus

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5
Q

What are the dog core vaccines?

A

DA2PP and RV

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6
Q

What is canine distemper?

A

Highly contagious viral disease with a high mortality rate

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7
Q

What does canine distemper effect?7

A 
Dogs
Foxes
Coyotes
Wolves
Skunks
Ferrets
Raccoons
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8
Q

How is canine distemper transmitted?

A

Airborne transmission

Enters via mucous membranes

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9
Q

Where can distemper be shed?

A

Urine and feces

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10
Q

What are the symptoms of canine distemper? 5

A 
Nasal and ocular discharge
Fever
Vomiting and diarrhea
Seizures
Paralysis
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11
Q

Is there treatment for canine distemper?

A

Limited

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12
Q

What does the canine adenovirus 1 cause?

A

Canine infectious hepatitis

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13
Q

How is the canine adenovirus 1 transmitted?

A

Urine, nasal or eye secretions. Direct contact

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of canine adenovirus 1?

A 
URI
Depression
Fever
Andominal pain
V and D
Edema in head and neck
Jaundice (blue eye)
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15
Q

What does canine adenovirus 2 cause?

A

URI

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16
Q

What is adenovirus 2 aka?

A

Infectious trachea bronchitis or kennel cough

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17
Q

What are the symptoms of adenovirus 2?

A

Dry hacking cough
Retching white foam
Nasal and ocular discharge

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18
Q

How can you treat adenovirus two?

A

Cough suppressants

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19
Q

What is the parvo virus?

A

Highly contagious viral disease with a high mortality rate

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20
Q

What does parvo effect?

A

All canines

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21
Q

How is parvo transmitter?

A

Fecal/oral and transfered by anything

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22
Q

What are symptoms of parvo? 4

A

Depression
Anorexia
Vomitting
Diarrhea

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23
Q

When will death occur once clinical symptoms of parvo show?

A

48-72 hours

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24
Q

What dogs are dice pranks to parvo?

A

Puppies 6 weeks-6months

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25
Q

How do you treat parvo?

A

Supportive

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26
Q

What are three non core canine vaccines?

A

Bordetellosis
Leptospirosis
Lyme disease

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27
Q

What is border ellipsis aka?

A

Kennel cough

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28
Q

What bacteria causes bordetellosis?

A

Bordetellosis bronchiseptica

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29
Q

What is the symptoms of bordetellosis? 2

A

Chronic dey hacking cough

Conjunctivitis and nasal discharge

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30
Q

How is bordetellosis transmuted?

A

Contact

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31
Q

What aides leptospirosis?

A

Leptospirosis spp

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32
Q

How is leptospirosis spread?

A

Contact with infected urine and indirectly through water food or bedding

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33
Q

What non core vaccine is zoonotic?

A

Leptospirosis

34
Q

How does lepto get into our systems?

A

Bacteria penetrates membranes or abraded skin and travels through blood stream

35
Q

Where does lepto like to hang out?

A

Kidneys

36
Q

How long is lepto shed?

A

Months in urine

37
Q

What will an acute infection of lepto show? 4

A

103-104 fever, shivering, muscle tenderness, Vomitting

38
Q

How do you treat lepto?

A

Supportive care and long term antibiotics

39
Q

Dogs with access to what should be vaccinated?

A

Wildlife
Swampy areas
Standing water

40
Q

What causes Lyme disease?

A

Ticks carrying borrelia burgdorferi

41
Q

What are four symptoms of Lyme disease?

A

Arthritis
Carditis
Nephritis
Seizures

42
Q

What disease responds well to antibiotics but once infected is infect for life?

A

Lyme disease

43
Q

90% of Lyme disease happens were and when?

A

East coast, peak times being spring through summer

44
Q

What animals should be vaccinated for Lyme disease?

A

Traveling dogs or dogs in tick areas

45
Q

Describe the feline core vaccines

A 
Four viral diseases
Three highly contagious to cats
Two most common causes of URI
One zoonotic virus
One fatal virus
46
Q

What are the two feline core vaccines

A

FVR or FVRCP and RV

47
Q

What is feline viral rhinotiacheitis aka?

A

Feline herpes virus type one

48
Q

When is FVR considered more severe?

A

When there are corneal lesions, ulcers, and thick ocular discharge

49
Q

What virus is readily destroyed by head, cold, and most disinfectants?

A

FVR

50
Q

What is the feline calicivirus cause?

A

Ulcers in the mouth

51
Q

How is FVR and FCP transmitted?

A

Intimate contact between infected and susceptible cats

52
Q

Where are viral particles shed with FVR and FCv?

A

Sputum, nasal, and eye discharges

53
Q

Can FVR and FCP be transmitted indirectly?

A

Yes

54
Q

What is the most common routes of transmission of FVR and FCP?

A

Grooming
Licking
Sharing bowls

55
Q

What are the clinic signs of FVR and FCP?

A

Rhinitis with discharge that can be clear, cloudy, or red
Sneezing (first sign)
Stomatitis
Anorexia

56
Q

Can FVR and FCP have carries?

A

Yes

57
Q

When do most reoccurring transmissions happen with FVR and FCP?

A

Physiologic stress

58
Q

What percent of recovered cats are carriers of FCP?

A

80%

59
Q

How long is FCV spread?

A

30 days pro r life

60
Q

What percent of healthy cats are FCV carriers?

A

20-25%

61
Q

What is panleukopenia?

A

Feline infectious enteritis that is severe and often fatal

62
Q

What is the leading cause of death among kittens and feral cats?

A

Panleokopenia

63
Q

What can panleukopenia infect besides cats? 3

A

Minks
Ferrets
Raccoons

64
Q

What virus is hardy and withstands heat, cold, and most disinfectants?

A

Panleukopenia and parvo

65
Q

How long can panleukopenia survive in the environment?

A

Years

66
Q

What can kill panleukopenia?

A

Bleach

67
Q

Where is panleukopenia shed? 4

A

Feces, vomit, urine, saliva

68
Q

How is panleukopenia spread?

A

Direct and indirect contact

69
Q

What happens with the peracute form of panleukopenia?

A

Rapidly fatal, abdominal pain, crying, death

70
Q

What happens with the acute form of panleukopenia?

A 
Colic
Fever (104 or up)
Anorexia
V and d
Dehydration
Shock
Death
71
Q

What will an animal look like with panleukopenia?

A

Hunched posture, hanging over water bowl

72
Q

How do you treat panleukopenia?

A

Supportive care and antibiotics

73
Q

What are the feline non core vaccines?

A

FELV

FIP

74
Q

What is FELV?

A

Fragile virus that requires direct prolonged contact to transfer or in uterp

75
Q

Where do at secrete FELV?

A

Saliva

76
Q

What virus is the direct cause of lymphosarcoma?

A

FELV

77
Q

What is FIP?

A

Feline infectious peritonitis

78
Q

What cats does FIP effect?

A

3montjts to 3 years mostly in carte ties, intact males, and purebreds

79
Q

How effective is the interanasal FIP vaccine?

A

75-85%

80
Q

Describe the effusive fip

A

75% rapidly fatal with accumulation off fluid in abdominal cavity

81
Q

What is the prognosis for effusive FIP?

A

2 months

82
Q

Describe the non effusive FIP

A

Chronic 1 year survival rate

Clin Path (29 decks)

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