Urinalysis Misc Flashcards
What are three functions of the lidney?
Eliminate metabolic wastes
Maintain balance of electrolytes and organic molecules
Produce important hormones
What is the anatomy of the urimary tract?
Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
What are three hormones/vitamin that the kidneys produce?
Erythropoietin, renin, active Vit D3
What is glomerular filteration driven by?
High BP
What does glomerular filteration do?
Filters blood through semipermeable capillary membrane
What does the semipermeable capillary membrane do?
Allows passage of water and dissolved solutes of low molecular weight
Urine is made up of how much water?
95%
Urine is made up of how much ammonia?
0.05
Urine is made up of how much sulphate?
0.18
Urine is madeu up of p of how much phosphate?
0.12
Urine is made up of how much chloride?
0.6
Urine is made up of how much magnesium?
0.01
Urine is made up of how much calcium?
0.015
Urine is made up of how much potassium?
0.6
Urine is made up of how much sodium and creatinine?
0.1
Urine is made up of how much uric acid?
0.03
Urine is made up of how much urea?
2%
What happens to the majority of small molecules in glomerular filteration?
Are reabsorbed before they exit
What happens to 90% of filtered molecules?
Are reabsorbed in the renal tubule
Where are some molecules excreted as it moves through the renal tubule?
Glomerular filterate
Define specific gravity
Measures dissolved solids in urine
What is the specific gravity of distiller water?
1.000
Is it better for the urine to have a higher specific gravity or lower?
Higher
Define osmolality
Concentration of molecules in the urine
Define isothenuria
Same specific gravity as plasma (1.010-1.012)
Define hyposthenuria and hypersthenuria
Really dilute and really concentrated
Define azotemia
Increased Bun and creatinine
Define uremia
Urine in the blood aka azotemia
Define renal failure
Kidneys failing
Define pollakiruia
Frequent urination
Define polyuria
Increased amounts of urine
Define polydipsia
Increased thirst
Define oliguria
Decreased urine output
Define Anuria
Absence of urine
Define diuresis
Increased excretion of urine from medicinal means that promote urination
Define urolithiasis
Bladder stones
