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Clin Path > Urinalysis Misc > Flashcards

Urinalysis Misc Flashcards

0
Q

What are three functions of the lidney?

A

Eliminate metabolic wastes
Maintain balance of electrolytes and organic molecules
Produce important hormones

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1
Q

What is the anatomy of the urimary tract?

A

Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra

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2
Q

What are three hormones/vitamin that the kidneys produce?

A

Erythropoietin, renin, active Vit D3

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3
Q

What is glomerular filteration driven by?

A

High BP

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4
Q

What does glomerular filteration do?

A

Filters blood through semipermeable capillary membrane

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5
Q

What does the semipermeable capillary membrane do?

A

Allows passage of water and dissolved solutes of low molecular weight

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6
Q

Urine is made up of how much water?

A

95%

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7
Q

Urine is made up of how much ammonia?

A

0.05

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8
Q

Urine is made up of how much sulphate?

A

0.18

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9
Q

Urine is madeu up of p of how much phosphate?

A

0.12

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10
Q

Urine is made up of how much chloride?

A

0.6

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11
Q

Urine is made up of how much magnesium?

A

0.01

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12
Q

Urine is made up of how much calcium?

A

0.015

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13
Q

Urine is made up of how much potassium?

A

0.6

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14
Q

Urine is made up of how much sodium and creatinine?

A

0.1

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15
Q

Urine is made up of how much uric acid?

A

0.03

16
Q

Urine is made up of how much urea?

A

2%

17
Q

What happens to the majority of small molecules in glomerular filteration?

A

Are reabsorbed before they exit

18
Q

What happens to 90% of filtered molecules?

A

Are reabsorbed in the renal tubule

19
Q

Where are some molecules excreted as it moves through the renal tubule?

A

Glomerular filterate

20
Q

Define specific gravity

A

Measures dissolved solids in urine

21
Q

What is the specific gravity of distiller water?

A

1.000

22
Q

Is it better for the urine to have a higher specific gravity or lower?

A

Higher

23
Q

Define osmolality

A

Concentration of molecules in the urine

24
Q

Define isothenuria

A

Same specific gravity as plasma (1.010-1.012)

25
Q

Define hyposthenuria and hypersthenuria

A

Really dilute and really concentrated

26
Q

Define azotemia

A

Increased Bun and creatinine

27
Q

Define uremia

A

Urine in the blood aka azotemia

28
Q

Define renal failure

A

Kidneys failing

29
Q

Define pollakiruia

A

Frequent urination

30
Q

Define polyuria

A

Increased amounts of urine

31
Q

Define polydipsia

A

Increased thirst

32
Q

Define oliguria

A

Decreased urine output

33
Q

Define Anuria

A

Absence of urine

34
Q

Define diuresis

A

Increased excretion of urine from medicinal means that promote urination

35
Q

Define urolithiasis

A

Bladder stones

Clin Path (29 decks)

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