V - Blood

Question 1

Blood: no nucleus/mitochondria, anaerobic glycolysis

Answer 1

erythrocytes

Question 2

Protein that maintains the biconcave shape of the RBC

Answer 2

spectrin

Question 3

Life span of adult RBCs

Answer 3

120 days

Question 4

Life span of fetal RBCs

Answer 4

90 days

Question 5

Life span of reticulocytes

Answer 5

1-2 days

Question 6

Point mutation in the gene for the beta hemoglobin chain in RBCs

Answer 6

Sickle Cell Anemia

Question 7

Multilobulated nucleus (2-5 lobes) connected by thin strand of nuclear materials (chromatin) with light staining very fine granules, phagocytic

Answer 7

neutrophils

Question 8

Most abundant type of leukocyte (70%)

Answer 8

neutrophils

Question 9

Has small golgi apparatus, sparse mitochondria and ribosomes, absent RER

Answer 9

neutrophils

Question 10

Lifespan of neutrophils

Answer 10

1-4 days, half-life of 6-8 hours in blood

Question 11

Hereditary immune system disorder that affects neutrophils

Answer 11

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Question 12

Shows the average level of blood glucose over the past 3 months

Answer 12

HbA1c

Question 13

Bilobulated nucleus with numerous pink-orange granules, 1-3% of leukocytes

Answer 13

eosinophils

Question 14

Highly involved in immune response against parasites especially helminths

Answer 14

eosinophils

Question 15

Granulocyte that controls mechanisms in anaphylaxis and asthma

Answer 15

eosinophils

Question 16

Allergic inflammatory condition of the esophagus that presents as heartburn and food impaction

Answer 16

Eosinphilic Esophagitis

Question 17

Least common leukocyte (0.01-0.3%)

Answer 17

basophils

Question 18

Contains large cytoplasmic granules which obscure the nucleus under light microscopy

Answer 18

basophils

Question 19

Granulocyte that is important in immediate hypersensitivity reactions (type I) and anaphylaxis

Answer 19

basophils

Question 20

Releases histamine, proteoglycans (heparin, chondroitin) and proteolytic enzymes (elastase, lysophospholipase)

Answer 20

basophils

Question 21

Basophils in tissues

Answer 21

mast cells

Question 22

Hematologic indicator of lead poisoning

Answer 22

basophilic stippling

Question 23

Smallest leukocytes

Answer 23

lymphocytes

Question 24

3 Main Types of Lymphocytes

Answer 24

T-cell, B-cell, Natural Killer Cells

Question 25

Lymphocytes involved in cell-mediated immunity

Answer 25

T-cells

Question 26

Lymphocytes responsible for humoral immunity

Answer 26

B-cells

Question 27

Recognize non-self antigens during antigen presentation

Answer 27

T-cells and B-cells

Question 28

Defends the host from tumors and virus infected cells

Answer 28

Natural Killer Cells

Question 29

Natural Killer cells distinguish infected and cancerous cells from normal cells by recognizing changes in a surface molecule

Answer 29

MHC (major histocompatibility complex) Class I

Question 30

Lymphocytes: lysis of virally infected cells and tumor cells

Answer 30

NK cells

Question 31

Lymphocytes: release cytokines and growth factors that regulate other immune cells

Answer 31

helper T-cells (CD4)

Question 32

Lymphocytes: lysis of virally infected cells, tumor cells and allografts

Answer 32

cytotoxic T-cells (CD8)

Question 33

Lymphocytes: secretion of antibodies

Answer 33

B-cells

Question 34

Large lobulated C-shaped nucleus, replenish resident macrophages under normal states

Answer 34

monocytes

Question 35

Can move quickly (8-12h) in response to inflammation to sites of infection in the tissues and divide/differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells to elicit an immune response, phagocytosis

Answer 35

monocytes

Question 36

Macrophage: primary alveolus of the lungs

Answer 36

dust cells (alveolar macrophage)

Question 37

Macrophage: connective tissue

Answer 37

histiocytes

Question 38

Macrophage: liver

Answer 38

Kuppfer cells

Question 39

Macrophage: neural tissue

Answer 39

microglia

Question 40

Macrophage: granulomas

Answer 40

epithelioid

Question 41

Macrophage: bone

Answer 41

osteoclast

Question 42

Macrophage: spleen

Answer 42

sinusoidal cells

Question 43

Macrophage: skin

Answer 43

Langerhan's cells

Question 44

Fragments of megakaryocytes, non-nucleated

Answer 44

platelets (thrombocytes)

Question 45

Lifespan of platelets

Answer 45

10 days

Question 46

Involved in hemostasis leading to the formation of blood clots, releases srotonin which causes vasoconstriction

Answer 46

platelets

Question 47

Abnormality of platelets in which they lack glycoprotein IIb/IIIa

Answer 47

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia

Question 48

Warfarin: PT

Answer 48

prolonged

Question 49

Warfarin: PTT

Answer 49

prolonged

Question 50

Warfarin: Bleeding Time

Answer 50

normal

Question 51

Warfarin: Platelet Count

Answer 51

normal

Question 52

DIC: PT

Answer 52

prolonged

Question 53

DIC: PTT

Answer 53

prolonged

Question 54

DIC: Bleeding Time

Answer 54

prolonged

Question 55

DIC: Platelet Count

Answer 55

decreased

Question 56

Aspirin: PT

Answer 56

normal

Question 57

Aspirin: PTT

Answer 57

normal

Question 58

Aspirin: Bleeding Time

Answer 58

prolonged

Question 59

Aspirin: Platelet Count

Answer 59

normal

Question 60

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia: PT

Answer 60

normal

Question 61

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia: PTT

Answer 61

normal

Question 62

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia: Bleeding Time

Answer 62

prolonged

Question 63

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia: Platelet Count

Answer 63

normal

Question 64

Bernard-Soulier syndrome: PT

Answer 64

normal

Question 65

Bernard-Soulier syndrome: PTT

Answer 65

normal

Question 66

Bernard-Soulier syndrome: Bleeding Time

Answer 66

prolonged

Question 67

Bernard-Soulier syndrome: Platelet Count

Answer 67

decreased

Question 68

Granulocytes: life span of 1-4 days

Answer 68

neutrophils

Question 69

Granulocytes: life span of 1-2 weeks

Answer 69

eosinophils

Question 70

Granulocytes: life span of several months

Answer 70

basophils

Question 71

Granulocytes: kill and phagocytose bacteria

Answer 71

neutrophils

Question 72

Granulocytes: kill helminths and other parasites, modulate local inflammation

Answer 72

eosinophils

Question 73

Granulocytes: modulate inflammation, release histamine during allergies

Answer 73

basophils

Question 74

Agranulocytes: life span of hours to many years

Answer 74

lymphocytes

Question 75

Agranulocytes: life span of hours to years

Answer 75

monocytes

Question 76

Agranulocytes: effector and regulatory cells for adaptive immunity

Answer 76

lymphocytes

Question 77

Agranulocytes: precursors of macrophages and other mononuclear phagocytic cells

Answer 77

monocytes