II - Epithelium Flashcards
Epithelium: Type 1 pneumocytes of alveoli
simple squamous
Epithelium: endothelium of BVs
simple squamous
Epithelium: parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule
simple squamous
Epithelium: mesothelium of all body cavities
simple squamous
Epithelium: corneal endothelium
simple squamous
Epithelium: skin
stratified squamous (cornified)
Epithelium: oral cavity
stratified squamous (non-cornified)
Epithelium: esophagus
stratified squamous (non-cornified)
Epithelium: corneal epithelium
stratified squamous (non-cornified)
Epithelium: anus below valves
stratified squamous (non-cornified)
Epithelium: vagina up to ectocervix
stratified squamous (non-cornified)
Epithelium: female urethra
stratified squamous (non-cornified)
Epithelium: male urethra - fossa navicularis
stratified squamous (non-cornified)
Epithelium: organs constantly exposed to fluids and other substances
squamous
Epithelium: skin, tongue, lips
keratinized/cornified squamous
Epithelium: respiratory bronchioles
simple cuboidal
Epithelium: thyroid follicular cells
simple cuboidal
Epithelium: germinal epithelium of ovaries
simple cuboidal
Epithelium: lens
simple cuboidal
Epithelium: pigment layer of the retina
simple cuboidal
Epithelium: sweat glands
stratified cuboidal
Epithelium: developing ovarian follicles
stratified cuboidal
Epithelium: lining small ducts and tubules that have excretory, secretory and absorptive functions
cuboidal
Epithelium: active (pumping material in or out of the lumen) or passive
cuboidal
Epithelium: germinal epithelium that produces egg cells and sperm cells
cuboidal
Epithelium: pulmonary bronchioles
simple columnar
Epithelium: uterus and fallopian tubes
simple columnar
Epithelium: stomach to anal valves
simple columnar
Epithelium: lining of excretory ducts and gland
simple columnar
Epithelium: male urethra except fossa navicularis
stratified columnar
Epithelium: upper respiratory tract
ciliated pseudostratified columnar
Epithelium: trachea
ciliated pseudostratified columnar
Epithelium: primary bronchi
ciliated pseudostratified columnar
Epithelium: epididymis
non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar
Epithelium: vas deferens
non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar
Epithelium: organs that absorb and secrete substances
columnar
Epithelium: more absorptive function
simple columnar
Epithelium: rare, large salivary glands, most of male urethra
stratified columnar
Epithelium: actually a single layer of cells with nuclei in various locations to appear stratified
pseudostratified columnar
Epithelium: giant microvilli in the epididymis
stereocilia
Epithelium: renal calyces
transitional
Epithelium: renal pelvis
transitional
Epithelium: ureters
transitional
Epithelium: bladder
transitional
Epithelium: urinary system
urothelium (transitional)
Epithelium: accomodates fluctuations of volume of liquid in organs and tubes
urothelium (transitional)
Epithelium: protects organs from caustic effects of urine
urothelium (transitional)
Epithelium: endothelium
simple squamous
Epithelium: mesothelium
simple squamous
Epithelium: intestinal
non-ciliated simple columnar
Epithelium: respiratory
ciliated pseudostratified columnar
Epithelium: germinal
simple cuboidal
Epithelium: urothelium
transitional
Epithelium: corneal epithelium
stratified squamous (non-cornified)
Epithelium: corneal endothelium
simple squamous
Simple Exocrine Glands: intestinal
simple tubular
Simple Exocrine Glands: merocrine sweat glands
simple coiled tubular
Simple Exocrine Glands: gastric
simple branched tubular
Simple Exocrine Glands: mucous glands of esophagus, tongue and duodenum
simple branched tubular
Simple Exocrine Glands: stage in embryonic development of simple branched glands
simple alveolar (acinar)
Simple Exocrine Glands: sebaceous
simple branched alveolar
Compound Exocrine Glands: oral mucous glands
compound tubular
Compound Exocrine Glands: bulbo-urethral glands
compound tubular
Compound Exocrine Glands: seminiferous tubules in testes
compound tubular
Compound Exocrine Glands: mammary
compound alveolar (acinar)
Compound Exocrine Glands: salivary
compound tubuloalveolar
Compound Exocrine Glands: glands of respiratory passages
compound tubuloalveolar
Compound Exocrine Glands: pancreas
compound tubuloalveolar
Secretion: merocrine, mixes with water to produce mucus
mucin
Secretion: effective lubricant, protective barrier, sticky trap for foreign particles and microorganism
mucus
Secretion: product is released from secretory vesicles by exocytosis, most common
merocrine
Secretion: loss of cytoplasm (apex) as well as secretory product in vesicles
apocrine
Secretion: milk production
merocrine & apocrine
Secretion: destroys the gland cell, replenished by stem cells
holocrine
Basal Cell Surface: invaginations of the cell membrane that contain the ion pumps and in close association with the mitochondria, PCT, DCT, salivary gland ducts
basal infoldings
Basal Cell Surface: anchor epithelial cells to the underlying basal lamina, bullous pemphigoid
hemidesmosomes
Basal Cell Surface: type IV collagen, barrier between epithelium and connective tissue, filter, regeneration
basal lamina
Lateral Cell Surface: prevents or retards diffusion of material across an epithelium via the pericellular pathway
zonula occludens
Lateral Cell Surface: tight or leaky
zonula occludens
Lateral Cell Surface: rapidly formed and disassembled during leukocyte migration across epithelium
zonula occludens
Lateral Cell Surface: insertion of actin filaments from a terminal web
zonula adherens
Lateral Cell Surface: attach 2 adjoining cells with an attachment plaque called desmoplakin
desmosomes (macula adherens)
Lateral Cell Surface: involved in pemphigus vulgaris
desmosomes (macula adherens)
Lateral Cell Surface: metabolic and electrical coupling of cells, in nearly all tissues except skeletal muscles, deficient in cancer cells
gap junctions (nexus)
Zonula Occludens: blood-brain barrier
tight junction
Zonula Occludens: glomerulus
leaky junction
Parts of the brain not protected by BBB
roof of 3rd & 4th ventricle, roof of diencephalon, pineal gland
Drug that bypasses BBB, opens BBB by shrinking the endothelial cells and simultaneously stretching the tight junctions
Mannitol
Autoimmune Blistering: desmosome, (+) Nikolsky sign, skin, oral mucosa
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Autoimmune Blistering: hemidesmosome, (-) Nikolsky sign, skin
Bullous Pemphigoid
Slight rubbing of skin results in exfoliation of the outermost layer
Nikolsky Sign
Nikolsky Sign: TEN (Lyell Disease)
positive
Apical Cell Surface: prokaryotic locomotion
cilia
Apical Cell Surface: sensory functions and movement of fluid in eukaryotes
cilia
Apical Cell Surface: microtubules and dynein ATPase
cilia
Apical Cell Surface: back and forth motion
cilia
Apical Cell Surface: locomotion of cell, propeller-like movement
flagella
Apical Cell Surface: actin, brush border
microvilli
Apical Cell Surface: long microvilli in vas deferens, hair cells of inner ear, epididymis
stereocilia
Apical Cell Surface: special type of cilium on hair cells in sensory epithelium of the inner ear
kinocilium
Microorganisms that use flagella
H. pylori, G. lamblia, Vibrio
Reproductive cell that uses flagella
sperm
Disease due to immotile cells
Kartagener Syndrome
Infertility, reduced/absent mucociliary clearance, chronic sinusitis, situs inversus (dextrocardia)
Kartagener Syndrome
Main defect in Kartagener Syndrome
dynein arms of cilia and flagella
Apical Cell Surface: motile cell process with microtubule
flagella
Apical Cell Surface: increase surface area
microvilli
Apical Cell Surface: longer than cilia, locomotive
flagella
Apical Cell Surface: propels single cells
flagella
Apical Cell Surface: movement and transport of fluid
cilia
Apical Cell Surface: absorption, secretion, adhesion, mechanical transduction
microvilli
