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Uworld > Uworld Exam 9 > Flashcards

Uworld Exam 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Nissel Substance shows the prescence of?

A

RER

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2
Q

Kinesin facilitates what? And what else is required for kinesin to move?

A

Facilitates anterograde secretory vesicles movement

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3
Q

What do Desmosomes do? What disease manifests itself in this?

A

mediate cell to cell adhesions; Pemphigus Vulgaris

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4
Q

Overexpression of Bcl-2 leads to? And in what disease do you see this in? What is its translocation?

A

Increased survival of the cell

Follicular Lymphoma t14;18

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5
Q

What is CATCH 22 Stand for?

A

Cleft lip and palate, Abnormal facies, thymic hypoplasia, Cardiac Abnormality (tetralogy of fallot), Hypocalcemia, Long arm of Chr. 22

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6
Q

How do you treat Hyperthryoid eye problems?

A

High Dose Glucocorticoids, conventional antithyroid drugs don’t fix it

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7
Q

Low grade fever and a maculopapular rash that spreads from the face and chest to the trunk and extremities, postauricular lymphadenopathy. Dx?

A

Rubella

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8
Q

Mother’s Rubella are highest risk to get? What about the fetus?

A

Polyarthralgia=mom; baby=deafness

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9
Q

Eczematous skin rash, recurrent infection and thrombocytopenia that only affects males; Dx?

A

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

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10
Q

Urine Discharge from umbilicus?

A

Persistent allantois remanent

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11
Q

Spironolactone MOA?

A

MOA: aldosterone receptor inhibitor

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12
Q

Type 1 slow fibers have high or low myoglobin and glycogen? and Examples? Aerobic or anaerobic metabolism?

A

myoglobin rich and glycogen poor
Aerobic
i.e. paraspinal muscles

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13
Q

Finasteride MOA?

A

5 alpha reductase inhibitor

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14
Q

Prognosis of CRC is dependent on stage or grade?

A

stage

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15
Q

Potassium Perchlorate MOA?

A

MOA: Inhibits Sodium Iodide Co-transporter

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16
Q

Varcose veins are due to?

A

incompetent venous valves

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17
Q

snRNPs do what? What makes them? Where are they made?

A

snRNP=>splices introns; RNA polymerase II and in the nucleus

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18
Q

Recurrent pulmonary infections in a Caucasian most likely suggests?

A

Cystic Fibrosis

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19
Q

In CF what changes do you see in the lungs, pancreas, nose,

A

Lungs=>thicker secretions=>bronchiectasis

Pancreas=>malabsorption (no pancreatic enzymes)

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20
Q

A patient comes in with generalized muscle stiffness and shaking hand. Doctor suspects drug induced. Which drugs induce it? MOA of these symptoms?

A 
MOA: D2 blockade nigrostratial pathway
Cogwheel Rigidity of the ARM
Antipsychotics
Reserpine
Metoclopramide
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21
Q

What is DOC for drug induced parkinsonism?

A

Anticholinergics (Benztropine, trihexiphenyl) Or Amantidine

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22
Q

What does orthopnea show?

A

There is a left sided heart failure

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23
Q

What are signs of R. sided Heart failure?

A

Hepatosplenomegaly and lower extremity edema

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24
Q

Etoposide MOA?

A

MOA: Inhibits sealing activity of Top Isomerase II

25
What does Topoisomerase I do?
creates single stranded nicks to relieve neg. supercoiling
26
What does Topoisomerase II do?
Creates double stranded nicks to relieve pos. and neg. supercoiling
27
A patient with an urge to move the legs when falling asleep and "difficult to describe" sensation of the legs. Dx?
Restless Leg Syndrome
28
Restless Leg Syndrome is more common in those with?
Iron deficiency
29
DOC for Restless Leg Syndrome?
Dopamine Agonist
30
Replacement of Prosthetic Value. What bug should you think of?
Staph Epidermidis
31
Catalase differentiates?
Staph from Strep (Cat seperates big groups)
32
Coagulase seperates?
Staph Aureus from other staph (like S. Epi)
33
In what disease do you get repeated infection of Catalase + organisms?
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
34
MOA of Chronic Granulomatous Disease?
Def. of NADPH oxidase and get repeated infection of Catalase+ organisms
35
List the Catalase+ organisms?
``` Catalse + organisms go into CGD's SPACE Staph Pseudomonas Aspergillus Candida Enterobacter ```
36
A patient has a diarrheal infection and arthritis. Yet there is no bacteria in the joint aspriation and ibuprofen relieves the pain. Dx?
Reactive Arthritis (HLA-B27 Spondoarthryopathy)
37
Reactive Arthritis occurs after an infection of?
Campy Salmon Yersinia Bartonella Shigella
38
Everytime GFR doubles what happens to serum creatinine?
It halves
39
In Sickle Cell Patients, what should you immediately think?
They are asplenic
40
Asplenic Patients are prone to getting what kind of organisms?
Encapsulated organisms
41
What are the Encapsulated organisms?
``` SHINE SKIS Strep Pneumoniae Haemophilus Influenza Neisseria Ecoli Salmonella Klebsiella Group B Strep ```
42
Out of the encapsulated organisms which ones are especially important in asplenic/sickle cell patients?
SHiN | Strep Pneumoniae>Haemophilus>Neisseria
43
Sickle Cell patients are more prone to get what disease? What bug should you be thinking of?
Osteomyelitis, Salmonella
44
What is molecular problem in Cystic Fibrosis? What does this result in?
3 base pair deletion in CFTR that removes phenylalanine at position 508;=>impairs posttranslational modifications and shunts CFTR to proteosomes
45
In primary hyperaldosteronism, what are the renin and aldosterone levels?
Ald=High; Renin=low
46
What are some causes of high renin and aldosterone levels?
Reninoma Renal Artery Stenosis Malignant HTN Diruetics
47
CAH causes what kind of renin and aldosterone levels?
Low Low
48
What are the two pathways that homocysteine can be changed to non toxic forms? What are its enzymes and cofactors?
1. Homocysteine METHYLtransferase w/B12=>Methionine | 2. Cystathionine Synthase w/B6=>cystathionine>>cysteine
49
What are symptoms of hyperaldosteronism?
Weakness, parethesia=>low K+ (in principal cells); Increased H+ secretion=>metabolic alkalosis (in alpha intercalated)
50
ACE inhibitors MOA?
Inhibits Efferent renal arterioles
51
When does Tumor Lysis Syndrome Occur?
When there is high cell turnover in patients who are doing chemotherapy
52
What is most worrisome in the kidney with a tumor lysis syndrome?
Uric Acid Crystals
53
At what pH do uric acid crystals precipitate? Where is that in a nephron?
When it is acidic; near the collecting ducts (most acidic)
54
Dysphagia and disfigured nails (kolionychia) are symptoms of?
Iron Def. Anemia
55
In what syndrome do you see involvement of dysphagia and iron def. anemia?
Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
56
What is the triad in Plummer-Vinson Syndrome?
Dysphagia, Iron Def. Anemia, Esophageal web
57
What is the most feared complication in Plummer-Vinson Syndrome?
Predisposition to Squamous Cell Carcinoma
58
What drugs cause Torsades De Pointes?
Class III, IA, Macrolides, antipsychotics, TCAs
59
Where is Transketolase found? What is it most useful for?
Cytoplasm; To find out if the patient has Thiamine def. (only one that has just TPP); look for elevated RBC transketolase activity

Uworld (27 decks)

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