Uworld Exam 5

Question 1

Amitriptyline MCC of Death?

Answer 1

cardiac arrhythmias=>inhibit fast sodium channel

Question 2

Calcineurin MOA?

Answer 2

dephosphorylates NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells)=>binds to IL-2

Question 3

What drugs inhibit NFAT?

Answer 3

Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus

Question 4

T-Tubules function?

Answer 4

To transmit a rapid and uniform contraction

Question 5

Fatigue, weight loss+polyuria/polydipsia; What should you check?

Answer 5

DM; Check Fasting Glucose levels

Question 6

Abdominal Pain, Confusion, Nausea, Urine Reddish Color?

Answer 6

Acute Intermittent Porphyria

Question 7

Next Step in Management for Acute Intermittent Porphyria?

Answer 7

IV dextrose or Heme

Question 8

Acute Intermittent Porphyria; what enzyme is deficient and what do you get a buildup of?

Answer 8

Porphobilinogen deaminase def. (build up of Porphobilinogen)

Question 9

MCC of bacterial Meningitis in all adults?

Answer 9

Strep Pneumo

Question 10

Case control vs Cohert studies?

Answer 10

Case Control=>start with disease then look for exposures

Question 11

Alpha 1 controls?

Answer 11

Skin (blood vessels), Urinary sphincter (contracts), Eyes (mydriasis)

Question 12

Beta 2 controls?

Answer 12

Lungs and Uterus (dilation/relaxation)

Question 13

Increase ALP? Look for?

Answer 13

Gamma-glutamyltransferase

Question 14

Hypophosphorylated Retinoblastoma

Answer 14

active state=>prevents it going from G1=>S

Question 15

First Diuretic used for CHF?

Answer 15

Loop diuretic

Question 16

MCC of cellulitis?

Answer 16

1 staph, #2 strep

Question 17

H. Pylori

Answer 17

Causes Duodenal Ulcers

Dx: Carbon Urea Test

Question 18

Collagen vs Elastin

Answer 18

Collagen=>(1) Triple helix (2) Extramodifications (hydroxylation, glycosylation and assembly)

Elastin=>(interacts with fibrillin)=>lysine residues create a desmosine crosslink

Question 19

Gallstones MC in?

Answer 19

Fat, Female, Fertile, Forty

Question 20

In pregnancy gallstones, MOA?

Answer 20

MOA:

(1) Estrogen=>upregulates HMG-CoA reductase=>cholesterol in bile;
(2) Progesterone=>Gallbladder hypomotility=>slows bile acid secretion and slows bladder emptying

Question 21

Radiation MOA?

Answer 21

MOA:

(1) dsDNA breaks
(2) Free radical production

Question 22

What other disease causes dsDNA breaks?

Answer 22

Ataxia-telangiectasia

Question 23

Respiratory stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 23

oropharynx, laryngeopharynx, anterior epiglottis, post. Epiglottis and true vocal cords

Question 24

VPL, VPM, LGB, MGB?

Answer 24

VPL=Pain and Temperature, Position and proprioception; Spinothalamic and Medial Lemniscus
VPM=>little kids eat sweets=>trigeminal and gustatory to primary sensory cortex (Broca 3, 1&2)
LGB-To look at Long Legs=>Long optic nerve to optic radiations (calcarine sulcus)
MGB=>Music Pathway=>temporal lobe (Broca 41, 42)

Question 25

Bleeding after tooth extract and hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)?

Answer 25

Hemophilia | Tx: Thrombin

Question 26

Relative Risk Reduction

Answer 26

Absolute risk control-Absolute risk experiment)/absolute risk of control

Question 27

How do you increase Availability of a gene?

Answer 27

Increased acetylation, DNA hypomethylation