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Uworld > Uworld Exam 10 > Flashcards

Uworld Exam 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What Hepatitis should you think in a pregnant patient?

A

Hep E

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2
Q

What kind of virus is Hep E? What is its risk in pregos?

A

Unenveloped, ssRNA virus spread through fecal oral route; can lead to pregnant patient death

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3
Q

What is the main purpose of a double blind experiment

A

stop observer’s bias

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4
Q

Difference between Minute volume and alveolar volume?

A

Alveolar volume subtracts dead space

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5
Q

What translocation is associated with t15;17?

A

AML M3

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6
Q

What is the molecular MOA of t15;17?

A

Translocation of retinoic acid recetor from chr. 17 to 15 leads to PML/RAR alpha=>inhibits differentiation of myeloblasts

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7
Q

NF type 1 is what kind disorder? What chromosome is it on?

A

single gene AD on Chr. 17

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8
Q

Most common symptoms of NF1

A

Cafe-au-lait spots, Neurofibromas, Lisch Nodules (harmatomas of the eye)

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9
Q

Description for Type 1 HSR?

A

Cell surface-bound IgE Bridging by an antigen

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10
Q

What is superior mesenteric syndrome?

A

Transverse portion of the duodenum is entrapped between SMA and the aorta=>decreases angle of between SMA and aorta

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11
Q

Polyhydramnios is associated with what kind of diseases?

A

GI obstructions and aneuncephaly

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12
Q

Infant whose epidermis easily peels off?

A

Scalded Skin Syndrome

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13
Q

What causes Scaled skin syndrome? What is the specific agent in the bug that causes this?

A

Staph; +nikolskys sign, exfoliatin exotoxin

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14
Q

How does Exfoliatin exotoxin work?

A

uses proteases to cleave desmoglein from desmosomes

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15
Q

What is genetic defect in CML?

A

Fusion of 9 and 22=>BCR-ABL gene

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16
Q

BCR-ABL gene encodes for what kind of receptor?

A

Tyrosine Kinase receptor

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17
Q

Nitrates MOA? AE?

A

MOA: Dilates veins

AE=Dilating veins and arteries too much=>headache, flushing

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18
Q

What reflects osteoblastic activity?

A

Increased ALP

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19
Q

What structure goes through the pterion? What is this structure a branch of?

A

Middle Meningeal Arteries=>from maxillary arteries

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20
Q

Coronary Plaques more than what cause symptoms?

A

75%

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21
Q

Which nerve travels with the inferior thyroid artery?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

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22
Q

What vitamin is effective in treating measles?

A

Vit. A

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23
Q

Aldolase B is used for converting what sugar?

A

Fructose

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24
Q

Sucrose? Maltose? Lactose? break up into?

A

Sucrose=Fructose+glucose
Maltose=Glucose+glucose
Lactose=glucose+galactose

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25
CPS 1 is an enzyme for which cycle? What is its obligate co-factor
Urea Cycle; N-acetylglutamate
26
Young Caucasian woman with increased coagulability, and resistant to activated protein C in plasma?
Factor Leiden V
27
Integral Membrane proteins have alpha helices of hydrophobic amino acid residues such as
valine, alanine and isoleucine
28
Triad of symptoms in pericardial tamponade
Muffled heart sounds, elevated JVP and profound hypotension
29
Explain 1 day 1 week 1 month
1st day=>coagulative necrosis 1st week=>Neutrophil=>Macrophage (inflammation_ 1 month=>Granulation Tissue After that=>Scar Tissue
30
With DM neuropathy, what would you see bladder wise?
Increased postresidual volume
31
Which drug has been shown to decrease mortality in all patients with any CHF?
B-Blocker
32
DOC for DVT in Pregos?
Heparin
33
DOC for DVT in Regular patients?
Warfarin
34
Patient's blood rapidly coagulates with cold and uncoagulates with warmth, most likely bug?
mycoplasma pneumoniae
35
Patients over the age 65 are most prone to secondary?
pneumonia
36
What are the bugs that cause secondary pneumonia, in order?
strep pneumoniae, staph aureus, H. influ
37
Subdural hematoma+bilateral retinal damages?
Shaken Baby Syndrome
38
AE of HIV-1 protease inhibitors?
Redistribution of fat from extremities to abdomen
39
Cladribine MOA? Use? metabolism?
MOA: purine analog=>DNA strand breaks Use: Hairy Cell Leukemia Metabolism=resistant to adenosine deaminase
40
Two formulas for RBF?
FF=GFR/RBF; RBF=PAH clearance/(1-hematocrit)
41
MC movement disorder?
Essential Tremor
42
Symptoms of essential tremor?
symmetrical tremor that affects upper extremities
43
DOC for essential tremor?
Propanolol
44
MC shigellosis in US?
Shigella Sonni
45
Shigella invades what cells?
M cells in Peyer's Patches in ileum
46
Capcitiation
Money is by each enrollee not fee
47
Overuse of alpha adenergic agonistic decongestants cause?
Tachyphylaxis=>decreased production of endogenous NE; the drug is not effective anymore=>so stop it
48
A neonate with jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia and edema with extramedullary hematopoesis?
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (erythroblastosis fetalis)
49
MCC of Hemolytic Disease of the new born?
Rh incompatibility
50
Hemidesimosome Ab?
bullous pemphigoid
51
46 XY with Small Phallus and hypospadias but becomes better in puberty
5 alpha reductase def.
52
Sickle Cell Trait person is what percentage HbS?
40%
53
Sickle Cell Homozygous person has what percentage of Hbs?
80%
54
In both homozygous and heterozygous do the cells sickle when sodium metabisulfate is added?
Yes
55
Sickle cell trait patient has relative protection from?
P. Falciparum (malaria)
56
Which markers reflect osteoclastic activity?
Tartarate-resistant acid phsophatase, urinary hydroxyproline and urinary deoxypyridinoline (Most Reliable)
57
Inulin Filtered vs Excreted ratio?
The same
58
How much of urea is reabsorbed?
50%
59
How much of sodium is reabsorbed?
99%
60
PAH Filtered vs excreted?
Excreted would be higher because it is almost all secreted

Uworld (27 decks)

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