Uworld 4/15 Flashcards
Increased levels of what are detected on amniocentesis of neural tube defects?
AFP and AChE
Colon cancers that result in IDA are more likely to be seen where in the colon?
Right side (ascending colon)
Colon cancers that present with obstructing symptoms are usually found where in the colon?
Left sided lesions
What type of antiarrhythmic is dofetilide?
Class III - blocks Potassium channels
Anterograde axonal transport is mediated by what motor protein?
Kinesin
Retrograde axonal transport is due to what motor protein?
Dynein
What process is defective in xeroderma pigmentosum?
Nucleotide excision repair
What is the inheritance pattern of xeroderma pigmentosum?
Autosomal recessive
What is the function of the splicesome?
Removes introns from pre-mRNA during processing within the nucleus
Spinal muscular atrophy is a disorder caused by a mutation in what gene?
SMN1
A mutation in SMN1 in spinal muscle atrophy results in what?
Impaired assembly of snRNPs in LMNs
What neurotransmitter is produced in the locus ceruleus?
Norepinephrine
Where in the brainstem is the locus ceruleus located?
Posterior rostral pons near the lateral floor of the 4th ventricle
Anti-Smith antibodies are directed against what?
SnRNPs (important part of splicesome)
Injury to Meyer’s loop results in what type of visual deficit?
Contralateral superior quadrantanopia
What is the mechanism of ANP and BNP?
Bind ANP receptors which are linked to guanylyl cyclase, resulting in increased cGMP and therefore vasodilation
In what time frame do free wall ruptures occur post MI?
5-14 days
What is pulsus paradoxus?
Exaggerated drop (>10 mmHg) in systolic blood pressure during inspiration
In AAT deficiency, what is seen histologically?
Reddish-pink, PAS + granules of unsecreted, polymerized AAT in the periportal hepatocytes
Patient started on isoniazid and B6 a month ago is now presenting with fever, anorexia and nausea, what is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Hepatotoxicity
What is the MOA of rasburicase?
Recombinant urate oxidase; catalyzes conversion of uric acid to allantoin (more soluble than uric acid)
What is the function of the Nef gene in HIV?
Decreases expression of MHC class I
What does biopsy show in polyarteritis nodosa show?
Segmental, transmural inflammation with fibrinoid necrosis
