May 12 Flashcards

1
Q

How can one tell the difference between leukemoid reaction and CML?

A

Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase is decreased in CML and normal or elevated in leukemoid reaction; also the myelocytic bulge (basophilia and eosinophilia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the direct Xa inhibitors?

A

Rivaroxaban and apixaban

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the direct thrombin inhibitors?

A

Argatroban, bivalirudin, dabigatran (among others)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Patient presents with infertility and a h/o chronic pulmonary infections requiring hospitalization and antibiotics. Rectal US shows absent vas deferens, what is the most likely diagnosis?

A

CF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What enzymes some important require B1?

A

Branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and transketolase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The superficial peroneal nerve provides sensation to what region?

A

Distal anterolateral leg and dorsum of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Zinc finger motifs are seen in what type of receptors?

A

Intracellular receptors that bind steroids, hormones, and fat soluble vitamins act directly as TFs and contain zinc-finger binding domains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of receptor is the ADH receptor?

A

GPCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What class of antiarrythmics tend to bind inactivated sodium channels, especially in ischemic myocardium?

A

Class IB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nitroprusside toxicity can result in what poisoning?

A

Cyanide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the treatment for cyanide toxicity?

A

Sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate, hydroxycobalamin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the MOA of sodium nitrite in cyanide toxicity?

A

Promotes methemoglobin formation which combines with cyanide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the MOA of sodium thiosulfate in cyanide poisoning?

A

Serves as sulfur donor to promote hepatic rhodanese-mediated conversion of cyanide to thiocyanate - excreted in urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the MOA of cyanide poisoning?

A

Binds Fe3+ in cytC oxidase in ETC of mitochondria; inhibiting ETC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Patient with potential cyanide exposure presents to clinic. What is likely to be seen on venous blood gas and fundoscopy?

A

Bright red venous blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly