Quiz 45

Question 1

What degenerates in the brain in Huntington Disease?

Answer 1

Caudate degenerates

Question 2

What is the most common renal malignancy in children?

Answer 2

Wilms tumor

Question 3

Does a Wilms tumor cross the midline? What can a Wilms tumor be contrasted with?

Answer 3

No a Wilms tumor does not cross the midline. It can be contrasted with a neuroblastoma which does cross the midline.

Question 4

What is fundic (type A) chronic gastritis?

Answer 4

Pernicious anemia - autoimmune against parietal cells

Question 5

Blowing pansystolic murmur:

Answer 5

Tricuspid regurgitation (radiates to right side of heart) and mitral regurgitation (radiates to left side of heart)

Question 6

Midsystolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur:

Answer 6

aortic stenosis (right sternal border) and pulmonic stenosis (left sternal border)

Question 7

What is the most common initial presentation of neurocysticercosis?

Answer 7

Seizures

Question 8

What causes cysticercosis?

Answer 8

Taenia solium

Question 9

The mesencephalon develops what part of the ventricle system?

Answer 9

Cerebral aqueduct

Question 10

What are key markers for metastatic melanoma?

Answer 10

S-100 and HMB-45

Question 11

What type of hypersensitivity is serum sickness?

Answer 11

Type III HSR

Question 12

What cell surface markers are expressed in follicular lymphoma?

Answer 12

CD10, CD19, CD20

Question 13

What translocation takes place in follicular lymphoma?

Answer 13

14;18 translocation = bcl-2 activation

Question 14

What is seen on CT if middle meningeal artery is torn?

Answer 14

Epidural hematoma

Question 15

What is the middle meningeal artery a branch of?

Answer 15

The maxillary artery

Question 16

How does the maxillary artery enter the cranial cavity?

Answer 16

Foramen spinosum

Question 17

What is the inheritance pattern for Friedreich ataxia?

Answer 17

Autosomal recessive

Question 18

What mutation is responsible for Friedreich ataxia?

Answer 18

Expanded trinucleotide GAA repeat decreasing frataxin expression

Question 19

What DNA repair mechanism is defective in patients with ataxia telangiectasia?

Answer 19

Double strand break

Question 20

What causes subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?

Answer 20

Measles (robeola)

Question 21

Where should an intercostal nerve block be injected?

Answer 21

Just below the rib and lateral to the angle of the rib to be anesthetized

Question 22

What diseases are target cells seen in?

Answer 22

Thalassemia, hemoglobin C disease, asplenia, and liver disease

Question 23

What is confounding bias?

Answer 23

Unanticipated factors obscure a relationship or make it seem like there is one when there is not.

Question 24

What is the most common cause of neonatal meningitis?

Answer 24

Group B streptococci - S. agalactiae

Question 25

An organism that is catalase neg, coagulase neg, beta hemolytic and bacitracin resistant?

Answer 25

S. Agalactiae

Question 26

Organism that is catalase negative, coagulase negative, beta hemolytic and bacitracin sensitive, PYR +

Answer 26

S. Pyogenes

Question 27

What is seen in an aspiration of osteoarthritis?

Answer 27

Clear fluid with high protein content and absence of inflammatory cells.

Question 28

What cells are seen on peripheral smear of CML?

Answer 28

Neutrophils, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, basophils

Question 29

What translocation is seen in CML?

Answer 29

9;22 - Philadelphia chromosome (BCR-ABL)

Question 30

Multiple ring enhancing lesions in patient with AIDs

Answer 30

Toxoplasmosis

Question 31

How is toxoplasmosis transmitted?

Answer 31

Ingestion of cysts from undercooked meat.

Question 32

Posterior cord of the brachial plexus gives rise to what terminal branches?

Answer 32

Radial and axial branches

Question 33

What causes epiglottitis in an unvaccinated patient?

Answer 33

H. Influenzae type B

Question 34

What is heard on respiratory exam in patients with epiglottitis?

Answer 34

Inspiratory stridor

Question 35

Most common cause of epiglottitis in patient up to date on vaccinations?

Answer 35

S. Pneumoniae

Question 36

What is H. Influenzae?

Answer 36

Gram negative rod

Question 37

What is seen on Xray of a patient with epiglottitis?

Answer 37

Thumb sign

Question 38

When does one see the steeple sign?

Answer 38

Croup (laryngotracheitis)

Question 39

What is type B gastritis?

Answer 39

Chronic antral gastritis, associated with H. Pylori infection

Question 40

What are characteristic findings of acute gastritis on biopsy?

Answer 40

Patches of erythematous mucosa, sometimes with petechiae and/or ulceration.

Question 41

Annular pancreas results from what embryonic dysfunction?

Answer 41

Malrotation of the ventral pancreatic bud that rotates around both the right and left sides of the second part of the duodenum, resulting in duodenal stenosis.