UTI

Question 1

Highest incidence is among

Answer 1

sexually active women 18-24 years old

Question 2

The prevalence in men increases with ___ as structural abnormalities occur

Answer 2

age

Question 3

Predisposing Risk Factors for UTI: Premenopausal women

Answer 3

Diabetes, diaphragm use, past history of UTI during childhood, sexual intercourse

Question 4

Predisposing Risk Factors for UTI: Postmenopausal women

Answer 4

Estrogen deficiency, history of UTI before menopause, urinary catheterization or incontinence

Question 5

Pyelonephritis symptoms

Answer 5

Costovertebral angle tenderness, N/V

Question 6

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Trimethoprim/sulfa: __ day treatment

Answer 6

3 day treatment

Question 7

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Trimethoprim/sulfa: Pregnancy: 3rd trimester

Answer 7

Pregnancy: Avoid in the 3rd trimester

Question 8

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Trimethoprim/sulfa: 1st trimester

Answer 8

Pregnancy: administer with folic acid to decrease risk of kernicterus

Question 9

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Trimethoprim/sulfa: May cause h_____

Answer 9

hyperkalemia

Question 10

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: _ day treatment

Answer 10

5 day treatment

Question 11

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: For ___ only

Answer 11

cystitis

Question 12

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: do not use if ___ < 30mL/min

Answer 12

CrCl

Question 13

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: do not use if patient is over

Answer 13

65

Question 14

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: adverse effects- p___ n___, r___ f___

Answer 14

peripheral neuropathy, renal failure

Question 15

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Pregnancy: > 37 weeks gestation increases risk of

Answer 15

hemolytic anemia in infant

Question 16

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Fosfomycin

Answer 16

Single dose

Question 17

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Alternative Treatments

Answer 17

Beta-lactams- amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefdinir, cefaclor, cefpodoxime

Question 18

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: FQs

Answer 18

last resort only. And don’t use moxifloxacin

Question 19

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: If local resistance is <10% use ___ or ____

Answer 19

ciprofloxacin

levofloxacin

Question 20

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: If local resistance is > 10% use ___ or ____

Answer 20

ceftriaxone or gentamicin

Question 21

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: 2 things that should Not be used

Answer 21

TMP and beta lactams

Question 22

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: Inpatients: Initial treatment should be _____

Answer 22

parenteral

Question 23

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: Inpatients: Use f__, g___, c___

Answer 23

FQ
Gentamicin +/- ampicillin or penicillin
Extended spectrum cephalosporin

Question 24

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: Inpatients: If fevers or blood cultures persist over first 3-4 days, consider

Answer 24

urinary obstruction or abscess

Question 25

Pregnant women should be tested for

Answer 25

ASB at 12-16 weeks of gestation

Question 26

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) and UTIs in Pregnancy: If untreated, can result in

Answer 26

low birth weight or premature delivery

Question 27

ceftriaxone may cause ___ if administered the day before birth

Answer 27

kernicterus

Question 28

can be used during 2nd trimester | avoid > 37 week gestation due to risk of hemolytic anemia in infants

Answer 28

Nitrofurantoin

Question 29

Treatment in Pregnancy: Fluoroquinolones: avoid due to toxic effect on

Answer 29

developing cartilage; abortifacient

Question 30

Treatment in Pregnancy: TMP/SMX: avoid during 1st week due to risk of

Answer 30

folate sensitive birth defects (administer with folic acid)

Question 31

Treatment in Pregnancy: TMP/SMX: avoid during __ due to risk of kernicterus

Answer 31

3rd trimester

Question 32

Treatment in Pregnancy: a safe drug is

Answer 32

Fosfomycin

Question 33

Treatment in Pregnancy: Prophylaxis for recurrent infections: ___ or ___

Answer 33

nitrofurantoin or TMP/SMX

Question 34

Recurrent: infection that occurs more than ___ days after initial infection with a different organism

Answer 34

14

Question 35

Relapse: infection that occurs ___ of original infection with the same organism

Answer 35

within 14 days

Question 36

TMP/SMX: Counselling Points:

Answer 36

use sunscreen, drink water, watch for hyperkalemia

Question 37

TMP/SMX: may increase the effect of

Answer 37

warfarin

Question 38

Nitrofurantoin: Counselling Points:

Answer 38

urine/stool looks different | caution if patient has G6PD-deficiency; can cause hemolytic anemia

Question 39

Nitrofurantoin: monitor ___ and ___

Answer 39

hepatic and renal

Question 40

Ciprofloxacin: avoid in CrCl<30mL/min due to increased risk of ___ and ___

Answer 40

tendon rupture and CNS effects

Question 41

Ciprofloxacin: causes p___ and p____

Answer 41

phototoxicity/ photosensitivity

Question 42

Ciprofloxacin: avoid ___ and ___ foods

Answer 42

dairy and calcium fortified

Question 43

Ciprofloxacin: risk of increased ____, esp in renal and elderly

Answer 43

QT prolongation

Question 44

Ciprofloxacin: increases the effect of

Answer 44

warfarin

Question 45

most common organism to cause UTI

Answer 45

e coli