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Pharm > UTI > Flashcards

UTI Flashcards

1
Q

Highest incidence is among

A

sexually active women 18-24 years old

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2
Q

The prevalence in men increases with ___ as structural abnormalities occur

A

age

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3
Q

Predisposing Risk Factors for UTI: Premenopausal women

A

Diabetes, diaphragm use, past history of UTI during childhood, sexual intercourse

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4
Q

Predisposing Risk Factors for UTI: Postmenopausal women

A

Estrogen deficiency, history of UTI before menopause, urinary catheterization or incontinence

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5
Q

Pyelonephritis symptoms

A

Costovertebral angle tenderness, N/V

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6
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Trimethoprim/sulfa: __ day treatment

A

3 day treatment

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7
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Trimethoprim/sulfa: Pregnancy: 3rd trimester

A

Pregnancy: Avoid in the 3rd trimester

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8
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Trimethoprim/sulfa: 1st trimester

A

Pregnancy: administer with folic acid to decrease risk of kernicterus

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9
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Trimethoprim/sulfa: May cause h_____

A

hyperkalemia

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10
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: _ day treatment

A

5 day treatment

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11
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: For ___ only

A

cystitis

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12
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: do not use if ___ < 30mL/min

A

CrCl

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13
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: do not use if patient is over

A

65

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14
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin: adverse effects- p___ n___, r___ f___

A

peripheral neuropathy, renal failure

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15
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Pregnancy: > 37 weeks gestation increases risk of

A

hemolytic anemia in infant

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16
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Fosfomycin

A

Single dose

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17
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: Alternative Treatments

A

Beta-lactams- amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefdinir, cefaclor, cefpodoxime

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18
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis: FQs

A

last resort only. And don’t use moxifloxacin

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19
Q

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: If local resistance is <10% use ___ or ____

A

ciprofloxacin

levofloxacin

20
Q

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: If local resistance is > 10% use ___ or ____

A

ceftriaxone or gentamicin

21
Q

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: 2 things that should Not be used

A

TMP and beta lactams

22
Q

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: Inpatients: Initial treatment should be _____

A

parenteral

23
Q

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: Inpatients: Use f__, g___, c___

A

FQ
Gentamicin +/- ampicillin or penicillin
Extended spectrum cephalosporin

24
Q

Treatment: Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis: Inpatients: If fevers or blood cultures persist over first 3-4 days, consider

A

urinary obstruction or abscess

25
Q

Pregnant women should be tested for

A

ASB at 12-16 weeks of gestation

26
Q

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) and UTIs in Pregnancy: If untreated, can result in

A

low birth weight or premature delivery

27
Q

ceftriaxone may cause ___ if administered the day before birth

A

kernicterus

28
Q

can be used during 2nd trimester

avoid > 37 week gestation due to risk of hemolytic anemia in infants

A

Nitrofurantoin

29
Q

Treatment in Pregnancy: Fluoroquinolones: avoid due to toxic effect on

A

developing cartilage; abortifacient

30
Q

Treatment in Pregnancy: TMP/SMX: avoid during 1st week due to risk of

A

folate sensitive birth defects (administer with folic acid)

31
Q

Treatment in Pregnancy: TMP/SMX: avoid during __ due to risk of kernicterus

A

3rd trimester

32
Q

Treatment in Pregnancy: a safe drug is

A

Fosfomycin

33
Q

Treatment in Pregnancy: Prophylaxis for recurrent infections: ___ or ___

A

nitrofurantoin or TMP/SMX

34
Q

Recurrent: infection that occurs more than ___ days after initial infection with a different organism

A

14

35
Q

Relapse: infection that occurs ___ of original infection with the same organism

A

within 14 days

36
Q

TMP/SMX: Counselling Points:

A

use sunscreen, drink water, watch for hyperkalemia

37
Q

TMP/SMX: may increase the effect of

A

warfarin

38
Q

Nitrofurantoin: Counselling Points:

A

urine/stool looks different

caution if patient has G6PD-deficiency; can cause hemolytic anemia

39
Q

Nitrofurantoin: monitor ___ and ___

A

hepatic and renal

40
Q

Ciprofloxacin: avoid in CrCl<30mL/min due to increased risk of ___ and ___

A

tendon rupture and CNS effects

41
Q

Ciprofloxacin: causes p___ and p____

A

phototoxicity/ photosensitivity

42
Q

Ciprofloxacin: avoid ___ and ___ foods

A

dairy and calcium fortified

43
Q

Ciprofloxacin: risk of increased ____, esp in renal and elderly

A

QT prolongation

44
Q

Ciprofloxacin: increases the effect of

A

warfarin

45
Q

most common organism to cause UTI

A

e coli

Pharm (23 decks)

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