abx Flashcards
Penicillins: Mechanism of action: Inhibits bacterial growth by interfering with _____ reaction of bacterial cell wall synthesis
transpeptidation
Penicillins: Mechanism of action: β-lactams covalently bind to the active site of penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the transpeptidation reaction, halts ______ synthesis and causes cell death.
peptidoglycan
Penicillins: Mechanism of action: _____ covalently bind to the active site of penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the transpeptidation reaction, halts peptidoglycan synthesis and causes cell death.
β-lactams
Penicillins: Mechanism of action: β-lactams kill bacterial cells only when they are
actively growing and synthesizing cell wall.
Penicillins: Oral dosage forms must be ___ ___ and be readily absorbed from the GI tract
acid stable
Penicillins: IV dosage forms that are highly protein bound are ___ available as free drug
less
Penicillins: IM dosage forms are formulated to provide ____ tissue and blood concentrations
prolonged
Penicillins: Renal excretion: ___ tubular secretion; glomerular filtration - most penicillins
90%
Cephalosporins and Cephamycins: Inhibits bacterial growth by interfering with _____ reaction of bacterial cell wall synthesis.
transpeptidation
Cephalosporins and Cephamycins: β-lactams covalently bind to the active site of penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the transpeptidation reaction, halts _______ synthesis and causes cell death.
peptidoglycan
Cephalosporins and Cephamycins: β-lactams kill bacterial cells only when they are
actively growing and synthesizing cell wall.
Cephalosporins and Cephamycins: Less susceptible than
penicillins to β-lactamases.
Mechanisms of Resistance: Production of β-lactamase inactivates penicillins ___ ___ cephalosporins
more than
Mechanisms of Resistance: AmpC and ESBLs hydrolyze both ____ and _____
penicillins and cephalosporins
Mechanisms of Resistance: Metallo β-lactamases and carbapenemases hydrolyze p____, c___, c____
penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems