Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm > Notes > Flashcards

Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Prodrugs have a long half life because

A

you’re waiting for it to break down and become active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Agonist- activates the receptor.
Antagonist- blocks the effects of the receptor.
Partials-

A

in the middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Supratherapuetic means the level is

A

too high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Steady state-

A

what goes in is the same as what goes out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

P-glycoprotein inhibitors include
v____ and g____
Drugs that can become toxic when given with a P-glycoprotein inhibitor
___ and ___

A

Verapamil, grapefruit juice

make these ones toxic

Digoxin, cyclosporine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Live vaccines are contraindicated for

A

pregnant women and immunosuppressed patient and kids under 1 year old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do you need multiple doses of inactivated vaccines

A

they’re dead so they can’t replicate on their own

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

For our purposes we are not counting ___ as an NSAID

A

aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tdap for pregnant women

A

give single dose of Tdap for every pregnancy at 27 to 36 weeks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If patient is at risk of becoming preg, check for titers for

A

rubella and varicella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Contraindication for MMR-

A

severe immunodeficiency and pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mumps and rubella have no

A

post exposure prophylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

___ and ___ have no post exposure prophylaxis

A

Mumps and rubella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

zoster (shingles) indicated for all adults

A

over 60 without contraindications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

___(___) indicated for all adults over 60 without contraindications

A

zoster (shingles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

if you get the shingles vaccine too young,

A

it might not cover you for your whole life. So if you get it not until 60 than you’re probably covered for the rest of your life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

besides aspirin all other NSAIDS cause

A

fluid retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tylenol max daily dose is

A

3 grams, in the hospital it’s 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

2 main causes of GI bleeds are

A

h. Pylori and nsaids/aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sodium bicarb is an antacid. What’s good about it, and what should you watch out for

A

its good because it gives quick relief

Old people should look out for fluid retention especially if they have heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What should you know about calcium carbonate as an antacid

A

It’s safe for pregnancy but be careful with renal patients because too much calcium can build up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

magnesium hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide given together so you don’t have

A

diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cimetidine, an H2 blocker, is very potent but

A

not used much anymore because it has many interactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Talk about the structure of PPIs

A

PPIs are not stable.

They are pro drugs, they are encapsulated so they don’t break down right away.

Have short half lives, but not short duration of action.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

When do you take a PPI

A

You want to take them on an empty stomach so they are more effective. when stomach is empty you have less acid though, which is bad, you want acid so that the drug can work. So what we do is give it an hour before a meal, that way you’ll then have some acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How long until a PPI is effective

A

3-4 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

don’t take Bismuth subsalicylate with

A

warfarin

28
Q

If you have h pylori, you might use a ___, then start an abx

A

PPI to stop the acid

29
Q

Fungal infections: Be careful with foot infections if they are

A

immunocomprised or severely DM because it could possibly be something more serious

30
Q

When you hear Candida, think of a___, n___

A

azoles, nyastatins

31
Q

How do you decide between a cream or powder?

A

Depends on location. If a dry area, use ointment, moist area use powder

32
Q

T. Unguium- ___ anti fungal is optimal.

A

systemic

33
Q

___ administration of penicillin is needed for STDs and Strep

A

IM

34
Q

When prescribing Abx, the first and second questions you ask are

A

allergies, renal function

35
Q

Major drug interaction to watch out for with women using abx is

A

birth control

36
Q

Cefotetan can cause bleeding and disulpheran like actions which is

A

a med given to alcoholics which causes a violent reaction

37
Q

Because tetracyclines are don’t really get into the blood, they’re not so good for bacteriemia, but they can get to hard to reach places like

A

bone marrow

38
Q

Macrolides can be given for a shorter amount of time because

A

they stay in the tissues

39
Q

If you have a kid that has a cough and doesnt go away from the regular meds, they might have

A

mycoplasma

40
Q

the 3 atypical organisms-

A

legionella (elderly and young kids), mycoplasma (young kids), chlamydia

41
Q

Aminoglycosides are usually this, but not usually that

A

usually given IV, not usually monotherapy

42
Q

Unlike Vancomycin, Aminoglycosides work by

A

concentration dependent killing

43
Q

How is the doing schedule of beta lactams different from the dosing of aminoglycosides

A

beta lactams need a steady level, whereas aminoglycosides are better as just one big hit against the kidneys

44
Q

With abx, We want the trough to be very low, because

A

that means your body had time to clear it and its safe to give the next dose.

45
Q

While we know that aminoglycosides cause ear problems, more specifically amikacin causes ___ and the other two cause

A

Amikacin- auditory

Gentamicin, tobramycin- vestibular

46
Q

bactram, watch out for __ allergy

A

sulfa (because bactram is TMP-Sulfanomide)

47
Q

z-pack is aka

A

azithromycin

48
Q

First choice for sinusitis or a dog bite (don’t over think it)

A

augmentin

49
Q

If they have a pen allergy and you’re in doubt, choose

A

doxycycline

50
Q

Uncomplicated UTI refers to who?

A

healthy female, Complicated UTI- everyone else

51
Q

Number one cause of UTI is

A

E coli

52
Q

Pyelonephirtis is serious enough that you should

A

go to the hospital

53
Q

Nitrofurantoin is underused, its good for uncomplicated cystitis. Definitely don’t use for ____ because it won’t reach that tissue.

A

Pyelonephirtis

54
Q

Remember not to use bactram at these two times

A

1 week of pregnancy, 3rd trimester

55
Q

what is good and what’s bad about Linezolid

A

Good because it comes PO and IV.

Bad thing is is causes blood issues like decrease platelets also its bacteriostatic

56
Q

Dalbavancin is special because you only need it

A

once a week via IV

57
Q

v_____- dosed by actual body weight, unless you’re severely obese, in which case you use adjusted

A

Vancomycin

58
Q

Vancomycin- dosed by actual body weight, unless you’re

A

severely obese, in which case you use adjusted

59
Q

Vancomycin- dosed by actual body weight, unless you’re severely obese, in which case you use ____

A

adjusted

60
Q

When they say muscarinic, think

A

anticholinergic

61
Q

sama stands for

A

short acting muscarinic agent

62
Q

Mild COPD treatment

A

SABA

63
Q

Moderate COPD treatment

A

SABA plus abx/corticosteroid

64
Q

0 to 1 regular exacerbations and low MRC/CAT scores

A

SABA

65
Q

0 to 1 regular exacerbations and high MRC/CAT scores

A

LABA or LAMA

66
Q

2 or more regular exacerbations/1 or more serious exacerbation and low MRC/CAT scores

A

LAMA

67
Q

2 or more regular exacerbations/1 or more serious exacerbation and high MRC/CAT scores

A

LAMA
LAMA and LABA
LABA and ICS

Pharm (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions