Us history study guide 5.4

Question 1

what is a Turnpike?

Answer 1

A toll Road

Question 2

What is the National Road Significance?

Answer 2

1.most significant federal funded highway
2. clear direct route from maryland to ohio
3. made of crushed rock

Question 3

Erie canal

Answer 3

1. The best known canal

Question 4

what is the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 4

1. A shift from manual labor to mechanized work
   2.Started in great britain and spread to the united states

Question 5

Samuel slater

Answer 5

1. known as the father of the industrial revolution

Question 6

What did samuel slater do? Effects?

Answer 6

1. brough british textile technology to america
2. Made an impact on the economy

Question 7

Francis Cabot Lowell

Answer 7

1created the new factory system,
2. manufactured the whole process of making cloth at once instead of just thread.

Question 8

“Lowell girls”

Answer 8

1. employed young single women from farms
2. lived in boarding houses with strict rules and schedual
   3.married then left factory

Question 9

Interchangeable parts

Answer 9

Identical components that could be used in place of one another

Question 10

Eli Whitney

Answer 10

Introduced interchangable parts

Question 11

Samuel F.B. morse created what?

Answer 11

1.Introduced electric telogragh in 1837
2. used electrical pulses to send coded messages
3. the messages were instant by 50,000 telegragh lines

Question 12

where were most cities built and why?

Answer 12

1.near harbors or rivers
2. water was the main, fastest , and cost effective way to move people and goods

Question 13

what were turn pikes supposed to do but failed to do and why?

Answer 13

1. improve roads and ease travel
2. only few made profit
3. failed to be cost and speed efficiant

Question 14

what is the reduction of travel time due to the national road

Answer 14

50%

Question 15

who invented the steamboat and what was the name of the first succesful one?

Answer 15

1. Robert fulton
2. Clermont

Question 16

What improvements did the steamboat make?

Answer 16

1.time went from months to days ex. New orleans to louisville 4m to 6d
2.efficiency to move people and goods

Question 17

why was transportation important for economic growth?

Answer 17

1.food wouldn’t spoil(farmers Benefit)
2. people get things faster
3.giving more access to goods

Question 18

why were canals efficient and beneficial?

Answer 18

1. reduced shipping cost dramatically
2. population grew quickly due to NYC’s commercial center
   3.enhanced value of farmland

Question 19

Why were Railroads beneficial ?

Answer 19

1. Initially horse drawn developing into steam powered engines
2. pull heavier loads at higher speeds

Question 20

how did railroads have advantages over canals

Answer 20

1. cost less to build
   2.travel over hills and faster
2. putting an end to canal building

Question 21

social changes due to this Rev.

Answer 21

1. travel farther and faster
2. increased mobility between regions
3. more comunication and cultural exchange
4. new job oppertunities

Question 22

what did the new textile machines do?

Answer 22

spun cloth and wove cloth more quickly and cheaply

Question 23

What did british ban from the emmigration workers and why

Answer 23

they banned the export of machinery to protect its industrial advantage

Question 24

due to samuel slater defying the law what happened?

Answer 24

brought british textile to America

Question 25

what could the textile mills do?

Answer 25

made cotton thread

Question 26

what type of mill was made and where

Answer 26

a water powered mill in pawtucket

Question 27

who worked in the mills and where did they live

Answer 27

family systems worked there living in company owned villages

Question 28

their first centrilized mill was where, And where did they build more factories?

Answer 28

1. was first in Waltham MA 2.made more in the town of lowell

Question 29

How did factories change businesses and workers lives?

Answer 29

1. increased pace of production 2. They divided the work load into seprate stations 3.workers were needed at a low cost

Question 30

how did interchangable parts improve things?

Answer 30

1.revolutionized manufacturing 2. repairs were easier and cheaper

Question 31

who invented and improved the sewing machine and what did it improve

Answer 31

1.elias howe invented it but isaac singer improved 2. lowered cost and increased speed of making cloth into clothing

Question 32

How did aggricultural production increase, and what new methods were there?

Answer 32

1. went from 1/3 to 2/3 harvest sold 2. john deer: a steel plow 3.cyrus mcCormick: mechanical reaper