Nervous system quiz study guide Flashcards
Neuron
1.highly specialized cells
2.tranmit chemical and electrical formation in the body
Cell body
- largest part of a typical neuron
2.controls the nucleus and much of the cytoplasm
Dendrite
1.branch like parts of the neuron
2. specialized to recieve info
Axon
1.Threadlike extention of a neuron
2.carries nerve impulses away from the cell body
Astrocyte
form the blood brain barrier
Ependymal cell
produce and articulate cerebral spinal cord
microglia
1.acts as phagocytosis
(eating damaged cells and bacteria)
2. acts as the brains imune system
oligodendrocyte
- type of glial cell in the CNS
2.wraps axon in myeline sheath
schwann cell
1.type of glial in the PNS supporting cells of the peripheral nervous system
2.responsible for the formation of myelin
myelin sheath
1.covers the axon of some neurrons
2.helps speed neural impulses
nodes of ranvier
- gap in the myeline sheath
gray matter
a portion of the cell consisting of cytons their dendrites and synaptic connections
white matter
whitish nervous tissue of the cells consisting of neurons and myelin sheaths
synapse
the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite
neurotransmitter
chemicals that transmit info from one neuron to another
what are 3 functions of the nervous system
- integrates info
2.maintains homeostasis
3.recieves sensory input
name and describe 2 types of neurotransmittters
ACH: stimulates muscle contraction
seratonin:calming effect(moods)
action potential sequance in order
1.resting membrane potential
2. neurotransmitter stims. action potential
3.depolarization NA+ chanels open
4.repolarization NA+ close K+ opens
5. membrane returns to rest
