URTI Flashcards
How to prevent a URTI
Handwashing
Zinc sulfate
How to treat URTI
NSAIDS Decongestant, antihistamine Zinc (not intranasal) Honey Intranasal ipatropium (anticholinergic)
List three bacteria that cause URTI
H. Influenza
S. Pneumoniae
M. Catarrhalis (more in children)
Pseudomonas
S. Aureus
List 4 symptoms of acute sinusitis
Facial pain
Nasal obstruction
Discolored Discharge
Lack of smell
List 7 red flag symptoms of sinusitis and what you should do if you see them
Persistent high fever Periobital edema Cranial nerve palsies Abnormal EOM Proptosis Vison changes Severe headache Altered mental status Meningeal signs
List the first and second line classes for treatment of sinusitis
Penicillins (amox)
Bactrim (TMP SMX)
Macrolide
How long should you treat sinusitis
5-10 days
List 5 non prescription treatments for sinusitis
Nasal rinses Intranasal steroids Decongestants Analgesics Anti-Inflammatories
How to know clinically if someone has strep
FEVERPAIN Score
<3 days of onset Prulent tonsils No cough Inflammed tonsils Fever in the past 24 hours 4+=45% chance
How do we treat strep
Amox
Not delayed
This just increases chance of needing second round of abx.
If you suspect mono, list 3 lab tests you would order
Lymphocytes
AST
ALT
Monospot
How do you treat mono
Hand washing
Contact informing
No abx
What’s the biggest risk with Mono. ANd how you avoid it
Splenic rupture (1-2/1000) No contact sports for 3-8 weeks
Risk factors for Sinusitis
CF Immunodeficiency Smoking Pollution Deviated septum Polyps Cocaine Dental procedures
What prevention medication if influenza exists and when to use?
Oseltamivir or zanamivir
Antivirals
If HIGH risk Start within 12 hrs ssx, >48 hrs consider if severe illness
“Because you are high risk I will give you rx in case you get the flu”
