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Anatomy > Urogen > Flashcards

Urogen Flashcards

0
Q

Narrowest points of male urethra

A
  1. Membranous urethra - External urethral orifice
  2. Bladder neck
  3. just proximal to navicular fossa
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1
Q

Anatomical relations of vagina - posterior

A
  1. Pouch of Douglas
  2. Rectum
  3. Perineal body
  4. Anal canal
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2
Q

Superior relations of the bladder

A

Apex joined to anterior abdominal wall - median umbilical ligament
Covered by peritoneum
Related to colis of ileum or sigmoid colon

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3
Q

Blood supply to bladder

A
  1. Superior vesical artery
  2. Inferior vesical artery
    (Both from internal iliac)
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4
Q

Parts of male urethra

A
  1. Prostatic urethra - widest lumen, bounded by internal and external urethral sphincter
  2. Membranous urethra - 2cm pierces urogenital diaphragm, pelvic #
  3. Bulbar urethra - straddle injuries, takes a 90degree angle
  4. Penile urethra - spongy part, travels through corpus spongiosum
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5
Q

Pelvic diaphragm

A

Separates the perineum from pelvic cavity

  1. Levator ani
  2. Coccygeus (s4,s5)
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6
Q

Nerve supply to clitorus

A

Internal pudendal nerve

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7
Q

Anatomical relations of the vagina - anterior

A
  1. Uterine cervix
  2. Base of bladder
  3. Urethra
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8
Q

Lateral relations of vagina

A
  1. Ureter

2. Pelvic diaphragm

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9
Q

Venous drainage of vagina

A

Internal iliac

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10
Q

Lymphatic drainage of vagina

A

Upper 1/3rd - internal and external iliac LN

Lower 2/3rd - superficial inguinal nodes

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11
Q

Lymphatic drainage of external genitalia

A

Superficial inguinal LN

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12
Q

Lymphatic drainage of scrotum

A

Inguinal LN

Lumbar nodes

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13
Q

Blood supply of testis

A

Testicular artery - directly from abdominal aorta (follows embryological decent of testis down the posterior abdominal wall in to deep ring and through the inguinal canal and out via the superficial ring in to the scrotum

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14
Q

Layers of scrotum

A
  1. Skin
  2. Superficial fascia
  3. Spermatic fascia
  4. Tunica vaginalis
  5. Capsule - tunica albuginea
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15
Q

Superficial fascia of scrotum

A
  1. Deep layer - colles fascia - continuous with scarpas fascia
  2. Contains dartos muscle
  3. Posteriorly attached to perineal body and posterior edge of perineal membrane
16
Q

Spermatic fascia

A
  1. External spermatic fascia - external oblique
  2. Cremasteric fascia - internal oblique - genital branch of Genitofemoral nerve (cremasteric reflex)
  3. Internal spermatic facia - transversalis fascia
17
Q

Tunica vaginalis

A

Originally an invagination of peritoneal cavity

Becomes shut off from the processes vaginalis as it closes just before birth

18
Q

Tunica albuginea

A

Surrounds each testis

Fibrous septa extend inwards and divide testis in to lobules

19
Q

Anterior relations to right ureter

A
  1. Terminal ileum
  2. Caecum
  3. Appendix
  4. Ascending colon
    At its origin usually covered by descending part of duodenum
    On its course lies to the right of IVC
20
Q

Anterior relations of left ureter

A
  1. Descending colon
  2. Sigmoid
  3. Lies behind sigmoid mesocolon as it enters the pelvis
    Crossed Medially to laterally by gonadal vessels
21
Q

Female ureter

A
  1. Crossed anteriorly by uterine arteries

2. Closely related to cervix

22
Q

Male ureter

A

Within the pelvis the vas deference crosses anterior to ureter just before it enters the bladder

23
Q

Posterior relations of ureter

A
  1. Psoas

2. Cross bifurcation of common iliac artery

24
Q

Narrowings of the ureter

A
  1. Pelviuriteric junction
  2. Bifurcation of the iliac vessels where ureters enter the pelvic
  3. Vesicoureteric junction
25
Q

Blood supply to the ureter

A
  1. Upper third - renal artery and vein
  2. Middle third - gonadal artery and vein
  3. Lower third - superior vesical artery and vein
26
Q

Lymphatic drainage of ureter

A
  1. Para aortic LN

2. Pelvic LN

27
Q

Innervation of ureter

A

Sympathetic T10 - L2

Parasympathetic S2 - S4

28
Q

Vas deferens

A

Arises in continuity with tail of epididymis
Passes superomedially though scrotum and though the inguinal canal to the deep ring and abdominal cavity
As it enters the abdomen it hooks around the inferior epigastric artery
It crosses the ureter at the level if the ischial spine and passes infero Medially on the posterior surface of the bladder towards the seminal vesicle

29
Q

Right and left crura

A

Covered in its outer surface by ischiocavernosus muscle
Attached to inferior pubic rami and perineal membrane
Continues anteriorly as corpora cavernosa
Surrounded by Tunica albuginea

30
Q

Bulb

A

Attached to the centre of the peroneal membrane and surrounded by bulbo spongiosis muscle
Forward continuation of bulb corpus spongiosum which surrounds Penile urethra

31
Q

Arterial supply penis

A

Common Penile artery a terminal branch of internal pudendal artery

32
Q

Venous drainage of penis

A

Dorsal vein of penis to prostatic venous plexus

33
Q

Nerves supply to penis

A

Pudendal nerve

34
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the penis

A

Inguinal nodes

Iliac lymph nodes

35
Q

Where does the ureter enter the bladder?

A

Upper lateral aspect of the base of bladder

36
Q

Ureter

A

25-35cm
Transitional epithelium
Retroperitoneal overlying TP L2-5
Anterior to bifurcation of iliac vessels

37
Q

Lymphatic drainage of cervix

A

Internal and external iliac LN

Anatomy (28 decks)

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