Abdomen Flashcards
What is Gerotas fascia?
Layer of connective tissue that encapsulates kidney and adrenal gland
Where do the renal arteries lie?
Behind the renal vein
What facial layer is behind ascending colon?
Gerotas fascia
What is the superficial fatty layer abdomen?
Campers facia
What is the deep membranous layer?
Scarpas facia
Boundaries of inguinal canal?
- Anterior wall - external oblique aponeurosis
- Roof - internal oblique, transverse abdominus
- Posterior wall - transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon, parietal peritoneum
- Floor - inguinal ligament
What is calots triangle bound by?
Lies between 1. Inferior border of liver 2. Cystic duct 3. Common hepatic duct Usually contains cystic artery
What is another name for the left colic flexure?
Left splenic flexure
What is the left colic flexure?
It is the part where the colon takes a sharp downward turn
The point where the transverse colon ends and the descending colon begins
What is the ligament of treitz?
The suspensory ligament of the duodenum
What is the ligament of treitz derived from?
Right crux of the diaphragm
What does the ligament of trietz do?
It suspends the 4th part of the duodenum from the posterior abdominal wall
Where is the midpoint of the inguinal ligament?
Half way between ASIS and pubic tubercle
Surface landmark for deep inguinal ring, lies lateral to mid inguinal point
What is the mid inguinal point?
Half way between the ASIS and symphysis pubis
Surface mark for femoral pulse
Blood supply to the sigmoid colon?
IMA - L3
Visible landmark for the superficial inguinal ring
Intercrural fibres that run at right angles across external oblique aponeurosis
What does the IMV drain
Abdominal viscera originating from the embryological hind gut
Where does the IVC begin?
L5
Runs on the right side of the aorta
At which level does the IVC piece diaphragm
T8
Borders of epiploic foramen
Anterior - free border of lesser omentum - hepatoduodenal ligament
Posterior - peritoneum covering IVC
Superior - peritoneum covering caudate love of liver
Inferior - peritoneum covering commencement of duodenum and hepatic artery
Left lateral - gastrosplenic ligament and splenorenal ligament
Major openings in the diaphragm
- T8 - inferior vena cava and branches of the right phrenic nerve
- T10- oesophagus
- T12- aorta, azygous vein and thoracic duct
Deep inguinal ring
1.5 cm above the midpoint of the inguinal ligament
Lesser omentum
- Right and left gastric arteries
- The Free edge of the lesser omentum is attached to the first 2 cm of the first part of the duodenum below and the fissure of the ligamentum venosum above
- The common hepatic duct is joined by the cystic duct to form the common bile duct in the free edge of the lesser omentum
The descending part of the duodenum
- Second part
- Descends vertically
- Directly anterior to the Hilum of right kidney
- Common bile duct drains into the descending duodenum
Mesentery of small bowel
- Veins in the mesenteries are all tributaries of the portal system
- Root of the small-bowel mesentery extends from a point to the left of the L2 vertebra at the duodeno- jejunal junction down to the right sacroiliac joint
Superior mesenteric artery
Supplies the midgut
1. Large bowel as far as the distal transverse colon
Transpyloric plane
- Inferior border of L1
- Pylorus of stomach
- Anterior parts of the 9th costal cartilages
- Duodenojejunal junction
- Head, neck and body of pancreas
- Renal hila
Posterior relations of 1st part of duodenum
Portal vein
Common bile duct
Gastroduodenal artery ( IVC behind this)
3rd part of dueodenum
Crosses abdominal aorta
Superior mesenteric vessels anterior to D3
