urinary system

Question 1

function

Answer 1

regulating blood volume and pressure, ph, electrolytes, removing organic waste, homeostasis

Question 2

blood supply

Answer 2

renal artery, afferent arteriole, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, venules, renal vein

Question 3

parts of nephron

Answer 3

Bowman’s capsule, proximal convoluted tube, descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct

Question 4

filtrate

Answer 4

water, ions, urea, glucose, etc all forces into Bowman’s capsule by blood pressure

Question 5

nephron function

Answer 5

reabsorb useful organic molecules from the filtrate - water, salt, etc

Question 6

urea

Answer 6

safe way to transport nitrogenous wastes in the body

Question 7

creatine

Answer 7

organic waste created by muscle contraction

Question 8

glomerular filtration rate

Answer 8

125 ml/min - 99% is reabsorbed

Question 9

antidiuretic hormone

Answer 9

collecting duct reabsorb as much water as possible and triggers thirst

Question 10

aldosterone

Answer 10

collecting duct absorbs as much salt as possible - maintains blood pressure

Question 11

ureters

Answer 11

connect kidneys and bladder - can close at bladder preventing backflow - uses peristalsis

Question 12

kidney stones

Answer 12

made of Ca deposits, Mg salts, and uric acid crystals

Question 13

bladder

Answer 13

a full bladder holds 1 L - attached to pelvis

Question 14

internal urethral sphincter

Answer 14

involuntary

Question 15

external urethral sphincter

Answer 15

voluntary

Question 16

micturition reflex

Answer 16

gotta go feeling from full bladder

Question 17

incontinence reflex

Answer 17

loss of control - babies, trauma, childbirth, old age, etc

Question 18

UTI

Answer 18

caused by bacteria or yeast - blood and bacteria in urine

Question 19

renal failure

Answer 19

kidney function can’t maintain homeostasis - acute: happens quickly - chronic: gradual deterioration

Question 20

age and kidneys

Answer 20

lose 30-40% of nephrons age 25-85 , reduction of GFR and sensitivity to hormones , problems with micturition reflex

Question 21

afferent arteriole

Answer 21

into glomerulus

Question 22

efferent arteriole

Answer 22

out of glomerulus