Urinary System Flashcards
Describe anatomical location of the kidneys
located retroperitoneally (behind peritoneum) of the lumbar region of the abdominal cavity
In a frontal section, what are the 3 layers of kidneys?
- Renal (fibrous) capsule
- Renal cortex (superficial layer)
- Renal medulla (deep layer)
What 2 things make up the renal medulla?
- renal pyramids
- renal column
What is the functional unit of the kidneys?
the nephron
What are the 3 main steps of urine formation?
- filtration
- reabsorption
- secretion
What are the structures that make up the filtration membrane in the kidney? (2)
- Glomerulus
- Bowman’s capsule
What does the glomerulus and bowman’s capsule make up?
The renal corpuscle
Do the glomerulus and bowman’s capsule leak blood cells or large organic molecules in healthy kidneys? Why or why not?
It doesn’t leak blood cells or large molecules b/c it filters small molecules from the blood
What type of tissue makes the inner lining of the membrane of bowman’s capsule?
simple squamous epithelium
What type of tissue makes the inner lining of the membrane of ureter?
transitional epithelium
What type of tissue makes the inner lining of the membrane of urinary bladder?
transitional epithelium
What type of tissue makes the inner lining of the membrane of urethra?
stratified squamous epithelium
Describe the layers of the urethral wall. (3)
- mucosa - transitional epithelium
- muscularis - smooth muscle
- adventitia - connective tissue
Describe the layers of the urinary bladder wall?
- mucosa - transitional epithelium
- thick muscular layer - detrusor muscle
- fibrous layer - adventitia
What is micturition?
The release of urine
