Special Senses

Question 1

What are the 5 special senses?

Answer 1

• smell
• taste
• hearing
• vision
• balance

Question 2

What makes the 5 senses special?

Answer 2

Only the cranial nerves can carry them

Question 3

What is another word for taste?

Answer 3

Gustation

Question 4

What type of receptor is taste?

Answer 4

chemoreceptor

Question 5

What is the name of the taste receptor?

Answer 5

Gustatory epithelial cells

Question 6

What is the location of the taste receptors?

Answer 6

Taste buds

Question 7

What cranial nerves carry the taste receptor? (2)

Answer 7

• Facial (VII)
• Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Question 8

What brain region is the taste sense located in?

Answer 8

Insula region

Question 9

What is another name for smell?

Answer 9

Olfaction

Question 10

What type of receptor is smell?

Answer 10

Chemoreceptor

Question 11

What is the name of the receptor for smell?

Answer 11

Olfactory sensory neuron

Question 12

What is the location of the smell receptor?

Answer 12

Mucosa of nasal cavity

Question 13

What cranial nerve carries the smell sense?

Answer 13

Olfactory (I)

Question 14

What brain region is the smell sense located in?

Answer 14

Cerebrum

Question 15

What type of receptor is hearing?

Answer 15

mechanoreceptor

Question 16

What is the name of the receptor for hearing?

Answer 16

Spiral organ/organ of corti

Question 17

Where is the hearing receptor located?

Answer 17

cochlear duct

Question 18

What cranial nerve carries the hearing receptor?

Answer 18

Vestibulocochlear (VIII)

Question 19

What brain region is the hearing receptor located in?

Answer 19

Auditory cortex

Question 20

What is another word for balance?

Answer 20

Vestibular Apparatus

Question 21

What type of receptor is the balance sense?

Answer 21

mechanoreceptor

Question 22

What is the name of the balance receptor?

Answer 22

Hair cells

Question 23

What are the 3 location of the balance recepor?

Answer 23

Linear Vertical –> Saccule

Linear Horizontal –> Utricle

Rotation –> Semicircular duct

Question 24

What cranial nerve carries the balance receptor?

Answer 24

Vestibulocochlear (VIII)

Question 25

What brain region is the balance receptor located in?

Answer 25

Brain stem

Question 26

What type of receptor is the vision sense?

Answer 26

Photoreceptor

Question 27

What is the name of the vision sense receptors (2)

Answer 27

- Rods (see black and white) - Cones (see color)

Question 28

What is the location of the vision receptors?

Answer 28

Retina

Question 29

What cranial nerve carries the vision receptor?

Answer 29

Optic (II)

Question 30

What brain region is the vision located in?

Answer 30

Visual cortex of occipital

Question 31

What are the 3 structures of receptors?

Answer 31

- Receptors - Sensory neurons - Pathway to CNS

Question 32

What are receptors?

Answer 32

Structures that detect stimuli

Question 33

What were the 3 highlighted types of receptors?

Answer 33

- photoreceptors: detects light - chemoreceptors: detects chemicals - mechanoreceptors: detects mechanical movement

Question 34

What is a general sense?

Answer 34

Touch sense of the skin

Question 35

Which body parts have the highest touch receptor density? (2)

Answer 35

- lips - finger tips

Question 36

What are the 5 basic qualities of taste?

Answer 36

1. sweet 2. sour 3. salty 4. bitter 5. umami -> elicited by glutamate

Question 37

What does parasympathetic and sympathetic do in terms of the pupil?

Answer 37

parasympathetic: constricts pupil sympathetic: dilates pupil

Question 38

What is the fluid in front of the lens?

Answer 38

aqueous humor/anterior segment

Question 39

What is the fluid in the back of the lens?

Answer 39

vitreous humor/posterior segment

Question 40

What is another name of the internal ear?

Answer 40

Labyrinth

Question 41

What does the bony labyrinth consist of? (3)

Answer 41

- Cochlea - vestibule - semicircular canals

Question 42

What does the membranous labyrinth consist of? (4)

Answer 42

- cochlear duct - utricle and saccule - semicircular ducts

Question 43

What fluid is in the membranous labyrinth?

Answer 43

Endolymph that is rich in potassium

Question 44

What fluid is in the bony labyrinth?

Answer 44

Perilymph

Question 45

What is the cochlea?

Answer 45

Spiraling chamber in the bony labyrinth

Question 46

What is the central part of the bony labyrinth?

Answer 46

vestibule

Question 47

What is the cochlear duct?

Answer 47

Membranous labyrinth inside the cochlea that contains mechanoreceptors for hearing called spiral organ/organ of corti

Question 48

What are the role of the cochlea in hearing? (5)

Answer 48

1. Sound waves vibrate tympanic membrane 2. Auditory ossicles vibrate. Pressure is amplified. 3. Pressure waves created by the stapes leave the oval window and enters the scala vestibuli 4a. Low sounds traveling thru the helicot rema doesn't excite hair cells 4b. Loud sounds in the hearing range go thru the cochlear duct. Virates basilar membrane and deflects on inner hair cells.

Question 49

What are the 3 layers of the eye?

Answer 49

1. fibrous layer 2. Vascular layer 3. Neural/retina layer

Question 50

What 2 things are apart of the fibrous layer?

Answer 50

1. sclera: white opaque region of eye 2. cornea: front of the eye

Question 51

What 4 things make up the vascular layer?

Answer 51

1. iris: visible colored part of eye 2. pupil: round, central opening 3. ciliary body: composed of ciliary muscle 4. choroid: vascular, darkly pigmented membrane

Question 52

What 4 things are composed of the neural/retina layer?

Answer 52

1. pigmented layer: single layer of melanocytes 2. photoreceptor cells: rods and cones 3. bipolar cells: processes signals from photoreceptors to ganglion 4. ganglion cells: axons of ganglion cells go to optic nerve