urinary system Flashcards
metabolism
set of chemical reaction that generates energy and makes use of energy in order to maintain life
-produces wastes to be eliminated by the body
catabolism
breaks down organic matter and generate energy
anabolism
uses energy to construct cell components
function of urinary system
filters blood plasma
-eliminates nitrogenous wastes, maintains electrolytes, acid-base and fluid balances of blood
function of kidneys
blood filtration and purification. help maintain homeostasis in body
- regulate blood ionic composition, blood volume, blood pressure, blood ph
function of ureters
urine from kidneys to bladder, crucial role in excretory system
function of bladder
storing and temporarily holding urine, muscular contractions and sphincter control allows for controlled and efficient urination
function of urethra
eliminates urine from the body and in males transports reproductive fluids
kidneys are made of
renal cortex, renal medulla, renal pyramids, renal columns, minor and major calyces and renal pelvis
function of nephron
- glomerular filtration
- tubular reabsorption
- tubular secretion
what hormones do kidneys release
calcitriol, erythropoietin
where are the kidneys
either side of vertebral column between the peritoneum and the back wall of the abdominal cavity
what are the kidneys enclosed in and surrrounded
renal capsule and surrounded by adipose tissue
pathway of blood in the kidney
blood enters the kidney through the renal artery and leaves through the renal vein
what is a nephron
functional unit of kidney
