ch 4 identifying types of tissues Flashcards
features of epithelial tissue
- cellularity & specialized contacts
- polarity
- Avascular
- has a nerve supply
- high capacity of renewal
what is cellularity & specialized contacts (feature of epithelial tissue)
cells fit closely together with little extracellular material between them
what does polarity mean in epithelial tissue
one free surface (apical surface) and one connected surface (basal surface)
what does avascular mean in epithelial tissue
no blood supply
what are classifications of epithelial tissue
- arrangement
- simple
- stratified - cell shape
- squamous
-cuboidal
- columnar
simple squamous epithelium tissue (w.m) location
lines heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels
simple squamous epithelium tissue (w.m) function
filtration, diffusion, osmosis, secretion in serous membrane
IDENTIFY SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL TISSUE IN MICROSCOPE
single layer of flat cells-looks like tiled floor…oval or spherical in shape
IDENTIFY SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE IN MICROSCOPE
single layer of cube shaped cells has nucleus, oval shaped ring with lumen (looks like air pocket inside)
simple squamous epithelial tissue (c.s) location
kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of the heart and blood vessels
simple squamous epithelial tissue (c.s) function
allows materials to pass through via diffusion.
filtration
IDENTIFY STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL TISSUE IN MICROSCOPE
two or more layers of cells
apical layer and several layers deep are squamous
deep layers are cuboidal or columnar
what is a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
a type of stratified squamous epithelial tissue
develops a tough layer of keratin in apical layer and several deep to it
what is keratin
tough protein that helps protect the skin and underlying tissues from microbes, heat and chemicals
what is/ what does nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium do
does not contain keratin in apical layers and several layers deep to it
remains moist
stratified squamous epithelium tissue location
keratinized-superficial layer of skin
nonkeratinized-lines wet surfaces (lining of mouth, esophagus, vagina) and covers tongue
stratified squamous epithelium tissue function
protection
provides first line of defense against microbes
simple cuboidal epithelial tissue function
secretion and absorption
simple cuboidal epithelial tissue location
lines kidney tubules and smaller ducts of many glands
covers surface of ovary
IDENTIFY SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE
single layer of cube-shaped cells, round, centrally located nucleus.
stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue function
protection and limited secretion and absorption
stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue location
ducts of adult sweat glands and esophageal glands and part of male urethra
IDENTIFY STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE
two or more layers of cells
cells in the apical layer are cube-shaped. fairly rare type
Simple columnar epithelial tissue function nonciliated
secretion and absorption
secreted mucus lubricates linings of digestive, respiratory and reproductive tracts.
Simple columnar epithelial tissue location nonciliated
lines mots of the gastrointestinal tract (from the stomach to the anus)
ducts of many glands and gallbladder
IDENTIFY SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE non ciliated
single layer of nonciliated column-like cells with nuclei near bases of cells, cells contain microvilli and goblet cells
stratified columnar epithelial tissue function
protection and secretion
stratified columnar epithelial tissue location
lines parts of the urethra, large excretory ducts of some glands (ex. esophageal glands), part of the conjunctiva of eye
ID stratified columnar epithelial tissue
basal layers usually consist of shortened, irregularly shaped cells, only apical layer has columnar cells. uncommonn
pseudostratified columnar epithelium tissue function
secretes mucus that traps foreign particles, and the cilia sweep away the mucus for eventual elimination from the body
pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue location
lines the airways of most of the upper respiratory tract
ID pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue
appears to have several layers bc the nuclei of the cells are at various levels
transitional (Urothelium) Epithelium tissue function
allows urinary organs to stretch to hold a variable amount of fluid without rupturing while still serving as a protective lining
transitional (urothelium) epithelium tissue location
lines urinary bladder and portions of ureters and urethra
connective tissues
functions
supports and binds
connective tissues location
everywhere
insulating internal organs
skeletal muscles
4 major groups of connective tissue
proper
supporting
blood
bone
Areolar Connective tissue function
strength, elasticity, support
areolar connective tissue location
in and around nearly every structure
“packing material” of the body
superficial region of the dermis of skin
around blood vessels, nerves, body organs
ID areolar connective tissue
contains fibers that are randomly arranged and embedded in a semifluid ground substance
Adipose connective tissue function
reduces heat loss through skin
energy reserve
support and protects organs
adipose connective tissue location
wherever areolar connective tissue is located, subcutaneous layer deep to skin
yellow bone marrow, padding around joints
ID adipose connective tissue
has adipocytes for storages of triglycerides, cells fill up with a large triglyercide droplet
reticular connective tissue function
forms stroma of organs
binds together smooth muscle tissue cells
reticular connective tissue location
stroma of liver, spleen
red bone marrow
ID reticular connective tissue
fine interlacing network of reticular fibers and reticular cells
Dense regular connective tissue function
provides strong attachment between various substance. tissue structures resists pulling (tension) along long axis of fibers
dense regular connective tissue location
forms tendons(attaches muscle to bone), most ligaments, aponeuroses(sheetlike tendons that attach muscle to muscle or muscle to bone)
ID dense regular connective tissue
extracellular matrix looks shiny white and consists of mainly collagen fibers in bundles
dense irregular connective tissue function
provides tensile (pulling) strength in many directions
dense irregular connective tissue location
occurs in sheets such as fasciae (tissue beneath skin and around muscles and other organs)
heart valves
joint capsules
ID dense irregular connective tissue
consists predominantly of collagen fibers randomly arranged and a few fibroblasts
dense connective tissue-elastic tissue function
allows stretching of various organs
is strong and can recoil to original shape after being stretched
dense connective tissue-elastic location
lung tissue
true vocal cords
suspensory ligaments of penis
ID dense connective tissue - elastic
predominantly of elastic fibers, fibroblasts are present in spaces between fibers, unstained tissue is yellowish
non ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium function
absorption and secretion
non ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium location
lines epidermis, parts of male urethra
parotid glands
transitional (urothelium) epithelium tissue ID
appearance is variable
