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anatomy and physiology > ch 4 identifying types of tissues > Flashcards

ch 4 identifying types of tissues Flashcards

1
Q

features of epithelial tissue

A
  1. cellularity & specialized contacts
  2. polarity
  3. Avascular
  4. has a nerve supply
  5. high capacity of renewal
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2
Q

what is cellularity & specialized contacts (feature of epithelial tissue)

A

cells fit closely together with little extracellular material between them

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3
Q

what does polarity mean in epithelial tissue

A

one free surface (apical surface) and one connected surface (basal surface)

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4
Q

what does avascular mean in epithelial tissue

A

no blood supply

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5
Q

what are classifications of epithelial tissue

A
  1. arrangement
    - simple
    - stratified
  2. cell shape
    - squamous
    -cuboidal
    - columnar
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6
Q

simple squamous epithelium tissue (w.m) location

A

lines heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels

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7
Q

simple squamous epithelium tissue (w.m) function

A

filtration, diffusion, osmosis, secretion in serous membrane

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8
Q

IDENTIFY SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL TISSUE IN MICROSCOPE

A

single layer of flat cells-looks like tiled floor…oval or spherical in shape

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9
Q

IDENTIFY SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE IN MICROSCOPE

A

single layer of cube shaped cells has nucleus, oval shaped ring with lumen (looks like air pocket inside)

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10
Q

simple squamous epithelial tissue (c.s) location

A

kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of the heart and blood vessels

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11
Q

simple squamous epithelial tissue (c.s) function

A

allows materials to pass through via diffusion.
filtration

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12
Q

IDENTIFY STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL TISSUE IN MICROSCOPE

A

two or more layers of cells
apical layer and several layers deep are squamous
deep layers are cuboidal or columnar

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13
Q

what is a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

A

a type of stratified squamous epithelial tissue
develops a tough layer of keratin in apical layer and several deep to it

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14
Q

what is keratin

A

tough protein that helps protect the skin and underlying tissues from microbes, heat and chemicals

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15
Q

what is/ what does nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium do

A

does not contain keratin in apical layers and several layers deep to it
remains moist

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16
Q

stratified squamous epithelium tissue location

A

keratinized-superficial layer of skin
nonkeratinized-lines wet surfaces (lining of mouth, esophagus, vagina) and covers tongue

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17
Q

stratified squamous epithelium tissue function

A

protection
provides first line of defense against microbes

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18
Q

simple cuboidal epithelial tissue function

A

secretion and absorption

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19
Q

simple cuboidal epithelial tissue location

A

lines kidney tubules and smaller ducts of many glands
covers surface of ovary

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20
Q

IDENTIFY SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE

A

single layer of cube-shaped cells, round, centrally located nucleus.

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21
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue function

A

protection and limited secretion and absorption

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22
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue location

A

ducts of adult sweat glands and esophageal glands and part of male urethra

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23
Q

IDENTIFY STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE

A

two or more layers of cells
cells in the apical layer are cube-shaped. fairly rare type

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24
Q

Simple columnar epithelial tissue function nonciliated

A

secretion and absorption
secreted mucus lubricates linings of digestive, respiratory and reproductive tracts.

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25
Q

Simple columnar epithelial tissue location nonciliated

A

lines mots of the gastrointestinal tract (from the stomach to the anus)
ducts of many glands and gallbladder

26
Q

IDENTIFY SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE non ciliated

A

single layer of nonciliated column-like cells with nuclei near bases of cells, cells contain microvilli and goblet cells

27
Q

stratified columnar epithelial tissue function

A

protection and secretion

28
Q

stratified columnar epithelial tissue location

A

lines parts of the urethra, large excretory ducts of some glands (ex. esophageal glands), part of the conjunctiva of eye

29
Q

ID stratified columnar epithelial tissue

A

basal layers usually consist of shortened, irregularly shaped cells, only apical layer has columnar cells. uncommonn

30
Q

pseudostratified columnar epithelium tissue function

A

secretes mucus that traps foreign particles, and the cilia sweep away the mucus for eventual elimination from the body

31
Q

pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue location

A

lines the airways of most of the upper respiratory tract

32
Q

ID pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue

A

appears to have several layers bc the nuclei of the cells are at various levels

33
Q

transitional (Urothelium) Epithelium tissue function

A

allows urinary organs to stretch to hold a variable amount of fluid without rupturing while still serving as a protective lining

34
Q

transitional (urothelium) epithelium tissue location

A

lines urinary bladder and portions of ureters and urethra

35
Q

connective tissues
functions

A

supports and binds

36
Q

connective tissues location

A

everywhere
insulating internal organs
skeletal muscles

37
Q

4 major groups of connective tissue

A

proper
supporting
blood
bone

38
Q

Areolar Connective tissue function

A

strength, elasticity, support

39
Q

areolar connective tissue location

A

in and around nearly every structure
“packing material” of the body
superficial region of the dermis of skin
around blood vessels, nerves, body organs

40
Q

ID areolar connective tissue

A

contains fibers that are randomly arranged and embedded in a semifluid ground substance

41
Q

Adipose connective tissue function

A

reduces heat loss through skin
energy reserve
support and protects organs

42
Q

adipose connective tissue location

A

wherever areolar connective tissue is located, subcutaneous layer deep to skin
yellow bone marrow, padding around joints

43
Q

ID adipose connective tissue

A

has adipocytes for storages of triglycerides, cells fill up with a large triglyercide droplet

44
Q

reticular connective tissue function

A

forms stroma of organs
binds together smooth muscle tissue cells

45
Q

reticular connective tissue location

A

stroma of liver, spleen
red bone marrow

46
Q

ID reticular connective tissue

A

fine interlacing network of reticular fibers and reticular cells

47
Q

Dense regular connective tissue function

A

provides strong attachment between various substance. tissue structures resists pulling (tension) along long axis of fibers

48
Q

dense regular connective tissue location

A

forms tendons(attaches muscle to bone), most ligaments, aponeuroses(sheetlike tendons that attach muscle to muscle or muscle to bone)

49
Q

ID dense regular connective tissue

A

extracellular matrix looks shiny white and consists of mainly collagen fibers in bundles

50
Q

dense irregular connective tissue function

A

provides tensile (pulling) strength in many directions

51
Q

dense irregular connective tissue location

A

occurs in sheets such as fasciae (tissue beneath skin and around muscles and other organs)
heart valves
joint capsules

52
Q

ID dense irregular connective tissue

A

consists predominantly of collagen fibers randomly arranged and a few fibroblasts

53
Q

dense connective tissue-elastic tissue function

A

allows stretching of various organs
is strong and can recoil to original shape after being stretched

54
Q

dense connective tissue-elastic location

A

lung tissue
true vocal cords
suspensory ligaments of penis

55
Q

ID dense connective tissue - elastic

A

predominantly of elastic fibers, fibroblasts are present in spaces between fibers, unstained tissue is yellowish

56
Q

non ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium function

A

absorption and secretion

57
Q

non ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium location

A

lines epidermis, parts of male urethra
parotid glands

58
Q

transitional (urothelium) epithelium tissue ID

A

appearance is variable

59
Q
A
60
Q
A

anatomy and physiology (18 decks)

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