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A&P 400 > Urinary system 1.1 > Flashcards

Urinary system 1.1 Flashcards

1
Q
  • Receive 25% of CO
A

Kidneys

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2
Q
  • Ureters
  • Bladder
  • Urethra
A

Urinary tract

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3
Q

Receive urine from kidneys

A

Ureters

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4
Q

receive and store urine

A

Bladder

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5
Q

Conduct urine/semen from bladder to outside body

A

Urethra

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6
Q
  1. Regulate blood ions
  2. Regulate blood ph
  3. Regulate blood volume
  4. regulate blood pressure
  5. Regulate blood glucose
  6. Maintain blood osmolarity
  7. Produce hormones
  8. Excrete waste
A

Functions of the urinary system

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7
Q

Located in retroperitoneal position - b/w posterior body wall and parietal peritoneum

A

Kidneys

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8
Q

Located on either side of verterbral column w/ left slightly higher than right

A

Kidneys. Right lower due to liver

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9
Q

Kidney connected to bladder via

A

Ureters

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10
Q
  1. Renal capsule
  2. Perineal fat
  3. Renal fascia
A

Layers of kidney

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11
Q

Kidney layers

  • Deepest layer
  • Layer of collagen fibers
A

Renal (fibrous) capsule

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12
Q

Kidney layers

Thick layer of adipose tissue

A

Perineal fat

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13
Q

Kidney layers

  • Outer layer
  • Anchors kidney to surrounding structures
A

Renal fascia

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14
Q

Kidney Anatomy

  • Medial Indentation
  • Entry point for artery, nerves, veins, uterer
A

Hilum

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15
Q

Kidney Anatomy

  • Lined with fibrous capsule
  • Internal cavity of kidney, filled with fat
A

Renal Sinus

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16
Q

Internal Anatomy of Kidney

Divided into outer and inner region

A

Renal Cortex - Outer
Renal Medulla - Inner

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17
Q
  • Lighter red in color
  • Where renal corpuscles found
A

Renal Cortex

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18
Q

Where blood is filtered and urine initially formed

A

Renal corpuscles

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19
Q

Extensions of the cortex into medulla

A

Renal columns

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20
Q
  • Darker brown in color
  • Contains renal pyramid
  • Contains nephron loop, papillary ducts, collecting ducts
A

Renal medulla

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21
Q
  • Each kidney contains 6-18
  • Contains pyramid, overlying cortex and adjacent renal columns
A

Kidney/renal lobe

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22
Q

Collects urine from a single kidney lobe

A

Minor calyx

23
Q

Forms from the fusion of 4-5 minor calyces

A

Major calyx

24
Q
  • Funnel shaped structure that collects urine from major calyces
  • Continuous with the ureter
A

Renal pelvis

26
Q

Functional unit of the kidney

27
Q

Produce urine by removing waste/excess substance from blood

~1 million per kidney

28
Q

Total amount present at birth
Cannot be replaced

29
Q

Produces filtrate which is collected in the surrounding capsular space

A

Renal corpuscle

30
Q
  • Receives filtrate and modifies it to create urine
  • up to 50mm long
A

Renal tubule

31
Q

Cup-shaped capsule in the Renal corpuscle

A

Glomerular capsule

32
Q
  • Within renal corpuscle
  • Capillary network where filtration occurs
A

Glomerulus

33
Q
  1. Parietal (outer) layer
  2. Visceral layer
  3. capsular space
A

Glomerular capsule layers

34
Q
  1. Fenestrated glomerular capillaries
  2. Dense layer basement membrane
  3. Filtration slits
A

Filtration membrane layers

35
Q

Reabsorbs nutrients from filtrate (tubular fluid)

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

36
Q

Establishes osmotic gradient for water reabsorption

A

Nephron loop

37
Q

Adjusts tubular fluid composition by reabsorption and secretion

A

Distal convoluted tubule

38
Q

Series of tubes carrying filtrate away from nephron

A

Collecting system

39
Q
  • Collects fluid from many nephrons through the renal medulla
A

Collecting duct

40
Q
  • Collects fluid from multiple collecting ducts
  • Delivers to minor calyx
A

Papillary duct

41
Q
  • 85 percent of all nephrons
  • Located primarily in the cortex
  • Responsible for most regulatory functions
A

Cortical nephrons

42
Q
  • 15 percent of all nephrons
  • Long nephron loop extending deep into medulla
  • Essential to producing concentrated urine
A

Juxtamedullary nephrons

43
Q

Each kidney receives blood from which artery

A

renal artery

44
Q

Renal artery branches into

A

segmental arteries

45
Q

Segmental arteries branch into

A

Interlobar arteries

46
Q

Interlobar arteries branch into

A

Arcuate arteries

47
Q

Arcuate arteries branch into

A

Cortical radiate arteries

48
Q

Cortical radiate artery branches into

A

Afferent arterioles

49
Q

Glomerulus drains into

A

Efferent arterioles

50
Q

What supplies blood and what carries blood away from the glomerulus

A

supply: afferent arteriole
takes away: efferent arteriole

51
Q
  • Surround the entire renal tubule
  • Collect water and solutes absorbed by the nephron
A

Peritubular capillaries

52
Q

Peritubular capillaries supply

A

Cortical nephron

53
Q

Vasa recta supplies

A

Juxtamedullary nephron

54
Q

Each kidney drains into

A

renal veins

A&P 400 (14 decks)

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