Reproductive 2 female

Question 1

5 functions of the female reproductive system

Answer 1

1. produce sex hormones
2. produce functional gametes
3. protect/nourish developing embryo
4. maintain growing fetus
5. nourish newborn infant

Question 2

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Vulva and urethra

Answer 2

Female external genitalia

Question 3

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina

Answer 3

Female internal genitalia

Question 4

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Produces milk to nourish infant

Answer 4

Mammary gland of breast

Question 5

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Produces gametes and hormones

Answer 5

Ovaries

Question 6

Female Reproductive Anatomy

• Deliver oocyte or embryo to uterus
• Normal site of fertilization

Answer 6

Uterine Tubes

Question 7

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Site of embryonic and fetal development

Answer 7

Uterus

Question 8

Female Reproductive Anatomy

• Birth canal during delivery
• Passageway for fluids during menstruation

Answer 8

Vagina

Question 9

Female Reproductive Structures

Pad of fatty tissue overlapping symphysis pubis

Answer 9

Mons pubis

Question 10

Female Reproductive Structures

Contains erectile tissue

Answer 10

Clitoris

Question 11

Female Reproductive Structures

Contains glands that lubricate the entrance to the vagina

Answer 11

Labia

Question 12

Female Reproductive Organs

Paired almond shaped organs near the lateral wall of pelvic cavity

Answer 12

Ovaries

Question 13

Female Reproductive Organs

Main functions
1. Oogenesis (prod. of immature female gametes)
2. Secretion of female sex hormones
3. Secretion of inhibin

Answer 13

Ovaries

Question 14

Female Reproductive Organs

Extends from uterus to medial surface of ovary

Answer 14

Ovarian ligament

Question 15

Female Reproductive Organs

Fold of mesentary; supports and stabilizes ovary

Answer 15

Mesovarium

Question 16

Female Reproductive Organs

Extends from lateral surface of ovary to pelvic wall

Answer 16

Suspensory ligament

Question 17

Female Reproductive Organs

• Extensive mesentery enclosing ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus
• Attaches to sides and floor of pelvic cavity

Answer 17

Broad ligament

Question 18

Female Reproductive Organs

1. Germinal epithelium
2. Tunica albuginea
3. Interior containing cortex and medulla

Answer 18

Layers of the ovaries

Question 19

Female Reproductive Organs

Layer of squamous or cuboidal cells covering the ovary

Answer 19

Germinal epithelium

Question 20

Female Reproductive Organs

Dense connective tissue layer just deep to the germinal epithelium

Answer 20

Tunica albuginea

Question 21

Female Reproductive Organs

Superficial layer holding follicles where oocytes produced

Answer 21

Cortex

Question 22

Female Reproductive Organs

Deep to the cortex, loose CT w/ blood vessels

Answer 22

Medulla

Question 23

Female Reproductive Organs

Developing oocyte surrounded by one or more layers of cells called follicular cells

Answer 23

Ovarian follicles

Question 24

Female Reproductive Organs

Large, fluid filled follicle ready to rupture its secondary oocyte

Answer 24

Mature follicles (graafian follicles)

Question 25

# Female Reproductive Organs Remnants of follicle after ovulation that produces progesterone, estrogens, relaxin, inhibin until degenerating into scar tissue

Answer 25

Corpus luteum

Question 26

# Oogenesis and the Ovarian Cycle * formation and development of the oocyte * occurs within follicle * begins before birth and ends at menopause

Answer 26

Oogenesis

Question 27

# Oogenesis and the Ovarian Cycle * Development of the follicle * Development ends in rupture of mature follicle * Becomes corpus luteum and eventually corpus albicans

Answer 27

Ovarian Cycle

Question 28

# Oogenesis Step 1: Germ cells migrate from yolk sac to ovaries and turn into

Answer 28

Oogonia

Question 29

# Oogenesis Step 1: Oogonia divide and a few become

Answer 29

Primary oocytes

Question 30

# Oogenesis Step 2: Primary oocytes are surrounded by a layer of cells called

Answer 30

Primordial follicle

Question 31

# Oogenesis Step 2: Primary oocytes enter meiosis and stay in that phase until

Answer 31

Until puberty

Question 32

# Oogenesis Step 3: During puberty, stimulates some of the primary oocytes to complete meiosis 1

Answer 32

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland

Question 33

# Oogenesis Step 3: Primary oocytes that complete meiosis 1 yield

Answer 33

Secondary oocyte and polar body

Question 34

# Oogenesis Step 4: Secondary oocytes begin meiosis 2 but pause. What happens after

Answer 34

One secondary oocyte is ovulated per month

Question 35

# Oogenesis Step 5: If fertilized, secondary ooctyte will divide, creating a

Answer 35

Second polar body and mature ovum

Question 36

# Ovarian Cycle Inactive primary oocyte surrounded by a simple squamous layer of follicle cells

Answer 36

Primordial Follicle

Question 37

# The Ovarian Cycle Clusters of primary oocytes in outer portion of ovarian cortex

Answer 37

Egg nests

Question 38

# The Ovarian Cycle Follicular cells that have enlarged and divided now called

Answer 38

Granulosa cells

Question 39

# The Ovarian Cycle Translucent region that develops around oocyte

Answer 39

Zona pellucida

Question 40

# The Ovarian Cycle Cells that form around follicle and work with granulosa cells to produce estrogen

Answer 40

Thecal endocrine cells

Question 41

# The Ovarian Cycle Secondary follicle becomes

Answer 41

Tertiary follicle and then mature graafian follicle

Question 42

# The Ovarian Cycle Fibrae sweep oocyte into uterine tube, if no fertilization

Answer 42

Cells will degenerate

Question 43

# The Ovarian Cycle Stimulates maturation of the uterine lining

Answer 43

Progesterone

Question 44

# Female Reproductive Organs passage for sperm to meet ovum, and fertilized ovum to reach uterus

Answer 44

Uterine Tubes (Fallopian Tubes)

Question 45

# Female Reproductive Organs * Hollow, muscular organ * Passageway for sperm deposited in vagina to reach uterine tubes * Site of fetal development * Source of menses released during menstruation

Answer 45

Uterus

Question 46

# Female Reproductive Organs inferior narrow portion that opens to vagina

Answer 46

Cervix

Question 47

# Female Reproductive Organs * constriction d/t hormonal changes initiate menses * This is the where the blood of menses come from

Answer 47

Spiral Artery

Question 48

# Female Reproductive Organs * attach ant. of uterus to labia majora to maintain anteflexion of uterus * Common source of pain during pregnancy

Answer 48

Round ligament

Question 49

# Female Reproductive Organs connect uterus to sacrum on either side of rectum

Answer 49

Uteralsacral ligaments

Question 50

# Female Reproductive Organs 1. Passage for menstrual fluids 2. Receive and hold sperm prior to passage into uterus 3. Form inferior portion of birth canal

Answer 50

Reproductive functions of the Vagina

Question 51

Shallow recess in the vagina surrounding the tip of the cervix

Answer 51

Fornix

Question 52

Folds formed by the vaginal lining when relaxed

Answer 52

Rugae

Question 53

* Elastic epithelial fold that usually partially blocks entrance to the vagina * Stretched or torn during intercourse, tampon use, or heavy physical exercise

Answer 53

Hymen

Question 54

* Bands of dense connective tissue * Surround the duct system and form partitions between lobes and lobules

Answer 54

Suspensory ligaments of the breast

Question 55

# The Ovarian Cycle Marks the end of the follicular phase and beginning of luteal phase

Answer 55

Ovulation

Question 56

# Female Reproductive Organs 1. Perimetrium 2. Myometrium 3. Endometrium

Answer 56

Layers of the Uterus

Question 57

1. Stratum functionalis 2. Stratum basalis Simple columnar epithelium

Answer 57

Layers of the Inner layer of the uterus (endometrium)

Question 58

Lines uterine cavity and sloughs off during menstruation

Answer 58

Stratus functionalis

Question 59

Permanent and gives rise to new stratum functionalis after each menstruation

Answer 59

Stratum basalis