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Clinical Lab Procedures > Urinalysis: Chem Strip > Flashcards

Urinalysis: Chem Strip Flashcards

1
Q

What does the normal urine pH depend on?

A

diet

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2
Q

What diet will cause an alkaline pH?

A

vegetable

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3
Q

What diet will cause an acidic pH?

A

increased protein or animal protein origin

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4
Q

What pH does this lead to?

  1. Fever, starvation, increased protein, acidosis
  2. Excessive muscular activity, drugs
A

acidic (0-7)

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5
Q

What pH does this lead to?

1. Alkalosis, UT infection, urease-producing bacteria 2. Obstruction, drugs

A

alkaline (7-14)

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6
Q

This is normal to see in dogs, expressed or voided samples of urine?

A

protein

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7
Q

When is protein not normally seen? (2)

A

cysto or catheter

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8
Q

Increased protein in the diet and strenuous exercise can increase levels of what in the urine?

A

protein

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9
Q

What is it called when there is glucose in the urine?

A

glucosuria or glycosuria

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10
Q

What can hyperglycemia or increased blood glucose levels indicate?

A

diabetes mellitus

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11
Q

A high carb meal can cause what?

A

glucosuria

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12
Q

What can fear, excitement, and restraint cause?

A

glucosuria due to epinephrine release

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13
Q

What is formed during fatty acid breakdown?

A

Ketones

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14
Q

What causes an increase in Ketones?

A

excess amount of fat broken down instead if carbohydrate metabolism

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15
Q

What is it called when there is Ketones in the urine?

A

Ketonuria

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16
Q

Lactating cows, pregnant cows and ewes are more likely to have what in their urine?

A

ketones

17
Q

What is Ketosis associated with?

A

hypoglycemia

18
Q

What is caused by carbohydrate intake not keeping up with energy needs? (2)

A

ketosis and hypoglycemia

19
Q

Lack of insulin required for glucose utilization is called what?

A

diabetes mellitus

20
Q

What can these things contribute to?

  1. high fat diet
  2. starvation
  3. fasting
  4. vomiting/diarrhea
  5. liver disease
A

ketones

21
Q

Where is the source of blood in urine that causes hematuria?

A

urogenital tract

22
Q

What amount of blood will not change the color of the urine?

A

minute blood

23
Q

What amount of blood must be detected by a sediment or chemistry?

A

occult blood

24
Q

What amount of RBC is normal to see per high powered field?

A

<5 RBC

25
Q

Estrus in dogs may cause what?

A

RBC

Clinical Lab Procedures (42 decks)

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