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Clinical Lab Procedures > Blood Chemistry: Electrolytes > Flashcards

Blood Chemistry: Electrolytes Flashcards

1
Q

What are Electrolyte Tests?

A

evaluate different electrolytes values to determine proper fluid therapy

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2
Q

Why can’t you use a PTT for calcium tests?

A

EDTA binds with Ca, therefore must be a serum test

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3
Q

What is Calcium important for maintaining?

A

neuromuscular excitability and tone

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4
Q

What happens when calcium levels are low?

A

muscle tetany

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5
Q

Calcium levels are related to phosphorous levels. As calcium levels increase, phosphorous levels ____.

A

decrease

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6
Q

What is Inorganic Phosphorous used for? (2)

A
  1. carbohydrate metabolism

2. energy storage

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7
Q

Blood cells are organic/inorganic?

A

organic

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8
Q

Plasma/Serum is organic/inorganic and can be ____.

A
  1. inorganic

2. measured

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9
Q

What are Sodium’s major roles? (3)

A
  1. distribution of water
  2. maintenance of osmotic pressure
  3. pH regulation of urine
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10
Q

What is Potassium used for? (3)

A
  1. muscular functions
  2. respiration
  3. cardiac functions
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11
Q

What is hyperkalemia also known as?

A

acidosis

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12
Q

What can cause acidosis? (2)

A
  1. increased acids

2. loss of bicarbonate

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13
Q

What can cause increased acids in the body? (2)

A
  1. diabetic acidosis

2. waste products

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14
Q

What can cause a loss of bicarbonate?

A

renal disease

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15
Q

What happens to pH when Hydrogen ions increase?

A

it decreases

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16
Q

What can increase hyperkalemia?

A

cellular necrosis

17
Q

What is hypokalemia also known as?

A

alkalosis

18
Q

What causes hypokalemia?

A

due to excess fluid loss such as vomiting or diarrhea

19
Q

What is magnesium used for?

A

activates enzyme systems

20
Q

What is magnesium important to? (2)

A
  1. acetylcholine

2. electrical impulse transfer from synapse to synapse

21
Q

What does an imbalance of calcium and magnesium cause?

A

muscle tetany

22
Q

What animals show signs of muscle tetany? (2)

A

sheep and cattle

23
Q

What is chloride used for? (2)

A
  1. water distribution

2. osmotic pressure

24
Q

What is chloride related to? (2)

A
  1. sodium

2. bicarbonate

25
Q

What is bicarbonate used for? (3)

A
  1. buffer system
  2. aids in transport of CO2
  3. pH balance
26
Q

How is bicarbonate regulated?

A

kidneys regulate levels by excreting excess

Clinical Lab Procedures (42 decks)

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