upper limb muscles Flashcards
Muscles that fix the scapula to the vertebral column
Trapezius, rhomboids, levator scapulae + latissimus dorsi
Muscle that originates from the superior nuchal line, external occ. protuberance, nuchal ligament + spinous processes of T1-T12
Trapezius
The trapezius muscle inserts into…
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion + scapular spine
Nerve that innervates the trapezius
CN XI (its the only muscle of the upper limb that is innervated by a cranial nerve!)
Functions of the trapezius (overall + individual)
Overall: scapular rotation during humeral abduction
Upper fibres: scapular elevation
Lower fibres: scapular depression
Muscle that inserts into the intertubercular groove of the humerus (moves from post. to anterior)
Latissimus dorsi
The latissimus dorsi originates in…
Spinous processes of T7-L5, ribs 10-12, sacrum + iliac crest
Functions of latissimus dorsi
Internal rotation + adduction
Muscles that form the posterior wall of the axilla
Teres major + latissimus dorsi
Origin of the levator scapulae
Transverse processes of C1-C4
Nerves that innervate the levator scapulae
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5), C3 + C4
The levator scapulae inserts into…
Superior angle of the scapula
Function of levator scapulae
Scapular elevation
Muscle that originates from C7-T1 + inserts into the medial border of the scapula (at the spine)
Rhomboid minor
The rhomboid major originates in…
T2-T5
Muscle that inserts into the medial border of the scapula (from the spine to the inferior angle)
Rhomboid major
Function of both rhomboids
Scapular retraction + elevation
Muscles that fix the scapula to the thoracic wall
Serratus anterior + pecs
The serratus anterior originates in…
Anterior surface of upper ribs
Trajectory + insertion of serratus anterior
Moves laterally + posteriorly, inserts into the medial border of the scapula (costal surface)
Nerve that innervates the serratus anterior
Long thoracic nerve
Function of serratus ant.
Scapular protraction
The pec minor originates in…
Superior ribs (anterior surface)
Site of insertion of pec minor
Coracoid process
Nerves that innervate both pecs
Pectoral nerves
Function of pec minor
Scapular protraction
Role of pec major
Internal rotation + adduction
Pec major originates in…
Medial 1/2 of clavicle, sternum + costal cartilages
Name of the 2 portions of the pec major
Clavicular + sternocostal
Pec major inserts into…
Intertubercular groove (anteromedial part of humerus)
Special thing about the fibres from the sternocostal portion of the pec major
They twist around themselves, forming the anterior fold of the axilla
The tendon of the pec major has a … section
U-shaped