muscles of thigh + butt Flashcards
Site of origin + insertion of the sartorius muscle
Originate: anterosuperior iliac spine
Trajectory: inferomedial, covering the trajectory of the femoral artery
Insertion: medial region of proximal tibia
Innervation of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh
Femoral nerve
EXCEPTION: psoas major — ventral rami of lumbar spinal nerves
Function of the ilipsoas
Hip flexion
Function of the quadriceps
Knee extension
Components of the quadriceps
Rectus femoris + vastus (intermedius, lateralis + medialis)
Function of the sartorius
Knee + hip flexion
Where does the reflected tendon of the rectus femoris originate
Subraacetabular groove
Site of insertion of the muscles of the quads
Anterior region of the femur + linea aspera
Trajectory of the quadriceps
The 4 muscles converge and the tendon moves inferiorly, becoming continuous with the patellar ligament + inserting into the tibial tuberosity
Origin + insertion of gracilis
Origin: inferior branch of pubis
Insertion: medial portion of proximal tibia
Nerve that innervates the adductors
Obturator nerve
EXCEPTION: pectineus — femoral nerve
Site of origin + insertion of the pectineus muscle
Origin: Pecten pubis
Insertion: medial region of proximal femur
Site of origin + insertion of the adductor longus
Origin: pubis
Insertion: medial intermediate portion of the femur
Compartments of the thigh + the function of the muscles
Anterior — extensors
Posterior — flexors of the knee
Medial — adductors
Site of origin + insertion of the adductor brevis
Origin: pubis
Insertion: medial intermediate portion of the femur, posterior to the adductor longus
Site of origin + insertion of the obturator externus
Origin: anterior part of the obturator membrane
Trajectory: oblique orientation of fibres, converge in the inferior acetabular groove
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest
Which muscle forms the adductor hiatus
Adductor magnus
Site of origin of the 2 parts of the adductor magnus
Adductor part: inferior pubic ramus
Posterior part: ischium
Nerves that innervate the adductor magnus
Adductor portion: obturator nerve
Posterior portion: sciatic nerve
Which artery passes through the adductor hiatus + what is it called afterwards?
Femoral artery, becomes popliteal artery
Site of insertion of the 2 portions of the adductor magnus
Adductor part: medial portion of distal femur (close to the medial epicondyle)
Posterior part: posterolateral portion of the femoral shaft
Nerve that innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh
Sciatic nerve
Muscles that make up the posterior compartment of the thigh
Semitendinosus, semimembranosus + biceps femoris
The semitendinosus originates in…
The ischial tuberosity
Insertion of semitendinosus
Medial portion of proximal tibia
The semimembranosus originates in…
The ischial tuberosity
Insertion of the semimembranosus
Posterior part of the medial condyle of the proximal tibia
The long head of the biceps femoris originates in…
The ischial tuberosity
Insertion of the tendon of the biceps femoris
Fibular head (laterally)
Function of the muscles in the posterior compartment
Knee flexion
The short head of the biceps femoris originates in…
The linea aspera (posterior part of the femur)
What is the pes anserinus (goose foot)?
The joining of the tendons of the sartorius, gracilis + semitendinosus in the anteromedial region of the proxima tibia
Where does the iliopsoas insert?
Lesser trochanter
The gluteus maximus originates in…
The posterior region of the ilium + sacrum
Where does the gluteus maximus insert?
Into the gluteal tuberosity (femur) + the posterior border of the TFL
Name the 2 main functions of the gluteus maximus
- hip extension
2. external rotation
The nerve that innervates the gluteus maximus is…
The inferior gluteal nerve
The TFL originates in… and …
The anterosuperior iliac spine + iliac crest
Where does the fascia lata insert?
Lateral portion of the tibia
The extension of the TFL stabilizes the knee + …
Contributes to knee flexion
The TFL is a … muscle
Biarticular
Name the nerve that innervates the TFL, gluteus medius + minimus
Superior gluteal nerve
The gluteus medius arises from…
The posterior surface of the ilium
Where does the gluteus medius insert?
Into the greater trochanter
The functions of both the gluteus medius + minimus are…
Hip abduction + internal rotation
The gluteus minimus arises from…
The lateral portion of the ilium
Both the gluteus medius + minimus insert into …
The greater trochanter
Where do the gemelli originate?
Ischial region
The gemelli insert into the … region of the … (alongside the tendon of the …)
Medial, greater, obturator internus
The function of the deep muscles of the butt (gemelli, piriformis, obturator internus + quadratus femoris) is
External rotation
The piriformis originates in… and inserts in…
Anterior portion of the sacrum, medial region of the greater trochanter
The obturator internus arises from… and inserts into…
Obturator membrane, inserts into the medial region of the greater trochanter
The quadratus femoris arises from…
The ischial tuberosity
Where does the quadratus femoris insert?
Intertrochanteric crest
The nerve to obturator internus innervates…
The obturator internus + the superior gemellus
The quadratus femoris + inferior gemellus are innervated by…
The nerve to quadratus femoris
Which of the following muscles of the deep layer of the butt has its own nerve?
a) obturator internus
b) gemellus inferior
c) piriformis
d) neither one of them
c)
The nerve to piriformis arises from which segments of the spinal cord?
S1-S2