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anatomy > muscles of the leg > Flashcards

muscles of the leg Flashcards

1
Q

Compartments of the leg + functions of their muscles

A

Anterior — extensors
Posterior — flexors
Lateral — eversors

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2
Q

The muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg are innervated by the…

A

Deep fibular nerve

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3
Q

Muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

A

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus + fibularis tertius

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4
Q

Site of origin, trajectory + insertion of tibialis anterior

A

Origin: anterolateral portion of the proximal tibia
Trajectory: inferomedial, passes in front of the medial malleolus
Insertion: inferomedial portion of the medial cuneiform bone

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5
Q

Site of origin + insertion of extensor digitorum longus

A

Origin: anterior portion of the fibula
Insertion: phalanges of the 2. to 5. toes

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6
Q

Function of tibialis anterior

A

Dorsiflexion (extension of the ankle)

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7
Q

Function of extensor digitorum longus

A

Extension of the 2. to 5. toes

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8
Q

Site of origin + insertion of extensor hallucis longus

A

Origin: anterior surface of the fibula (more distally than EDL)
Trajectory: moves inferomedially
Insertion: phalanx of the 1. toe

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9
Q

Function of extensor hallucis longus

A

Extension of the big toe

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10
Q

Site of origin + insertion of fibularis tertius

A

Origin: anterior portion of the fibula (partially separated from the EDL)
Trajectory: moves inferolaterally, towards the 5th toe
Insertion: base of the 5th metatarsal

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11
Q

The fibularis longus muscle originates in…

A

The proximolateral portion of the fibula

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12
Q

Trajectory of the fibularis longus

A

Moves down towards the lateral maleolus, passes through the superior + inferior fibular retinaculi, inserts into an inferior groove in the cuboid bone + crosses over to the first metatarsal

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13
Q

Site of insertion of the fibularis longus

A

Base of the 1. metatarsal

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14
Q

The muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg are innervated by the…

A

Superficial fibular nerve

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15
Q

The fibularis brevis originates in…

A

The lateral portion of the fibula, but lore distallly than the FL does

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16
Q

Trajectory of the fibularis brevis

A

It moves down towards the lateral maleolus, passes underneath it + through the superior + inferior fibular retinaculi, then moves laterally and forwards towards the tubercle of the 5. metatarsal

17
Q

The fibularis longus inserts into

a) the base of the 1. metatarsal
b) the proximal phalanx of the 5. toe
c) the lateral cuneiform bone

A

a)

18
Q

Muscles that make up the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

A

Gastrocnemius + soleus

19
Q

Site of origin of the 2 heads of the gastrocnemius

A

Medial head: medial posterior portion of the distal femur

Lateral head: lateral posterior portion of the distal femur

20
Q

Nerve that innervates the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg

A

Tibial nerve

21
Q

Site of origin of the soleus muscle

A

Posterior portion of the proximal tibia (in the soleal line) + posterior portion of the fibula

22
Q

What is the plantaris tendon

A

Long tendon that originates from the plantaris muscle, which originates in the posterior portion of the proximal tibia + distal femur & runs medially to the head of the medial gastrocnemius

23
Q

The popliteus muscle originates in…

A

The medial portion of the posterior proximal tibia

24
Q

Muscle that has an oblique orientation + moves superiolaterally

A

Popliteus

25
Q

Site of insertion of the popliteus muscle

A

Lateral portion of lateral epicondyle (femur)

26
Q

Which muscle of the lateral compartment of the leg passes closer to the lateral maleolus

A

Fibularis brevis

27
Q

The flexor digitorum longus originates in…

A

The posteromedial part of the proximal tibia

28
Q

Trajectory + insertion of the FDL

A

Moves down to the medial malleolus + inserts into the distal phalanges of 2. to 5. toes

29
Q

Nerve that innervates the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg

A

Tibial nerve

30
Q

The FHL originates in…

A

Posterior portion of the fibula

31
Q

Trajectory of the FHL

A

Moves down, passes through the groove between the 2 tubercles of the talus (posterior part) + the sustentaculum tali until it reaches the distal phalanx of the big toe

32
Q

Insertion of the FHL

A

Base of the distal phalanx of the big toe

33
Q

The tibialis posterior originates…

A

In the interosseous membrane

34
Q

Muscle that passes anteriorly to the FDL in the medial maleolus

A

Tibialis posterior

35
Q

Insertion of the tibialis posterior

A

Navicular

36
Q

The tibialis posterior allows for…

A

Inversion + plantar flexion

37
Q

Which muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg originates in 2 bones + creates a tendinous arch?

A

The soleus

38
Q

Which structures pass through the tendinous arch formed by the soleus?

A

Popliteal vein + artery, tibial nerve

anatomy (23 decks)

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