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anatomy > muscles of the forearm + hand > Flashcards

muscles of the forearm + hand Flashcards

1
Q

The muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm are all … + …

A

Flexors, pronators

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2
Q

The majority of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm originate from the … tendon, which is located in the … of the humerus

A

Common flexor tendon, medial epicondyle

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3
Q

The pronator teres originates in the … + the …

A

Medial epicondyle, ulna

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4
Q

Name the nerve that passes through the two heads of the pronator teres

A

Median nerve

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5
Q

The pronator teres inserts into …

A

The intermediate region (anteriorly) of the radius

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6
Q

The flexor carpi radialis originates in… + inserts in…

A

Common flexor tendon, base of the 2. metacarpal

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7
Q

Functions of the flexor carpi radialis

A

Wrist flexion

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8
Q

The palmaris longus originates in… + inserts in…

A

Common flexor tendon, palmar aponeurosis + flexor retinaculum

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9
Q

The flexor carpi ulnaris originates in… + inserts in…

A

Medial epicondyle + the dorsum of the ulna, pisiform

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10
Q

Nerve that passes through the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Ulnar nerve

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11
Q

Functions of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flexion + ulnar deviation of the wrist

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12
Q

Name the structures that pass through the carpal tunnel

A

Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis + profundus, flexor pollicis longus + median nerve

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13
Q

The flexor digitorum superficialis inserts into…

A

The base of the middle phalanx

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14
Q

The FDS of the forearm allows for…

A

Proximal interphalangeal flexion

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15
Q

Muscle that is innervated by the median + ulnar nerve (medial 1/2 by the ulnar, lateral 1/2 by the median)

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

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16
Q

The flexor digitorum profundus originates in… + … and inserts in…

A

Ulna + interosseous membrane, distal phalanges of 2. to 5. digits

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17
Q

Name the muscle that originates on the surface of the radius, lateral to the flexor digitorum profundus + inserts into the distal phalanx of the thumb

A

Flexor pollicis longus

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18
Q

The anterior interosseous nerve + vessels pass into the hand in between 2 muscles. Name them.

A

Flexor pollicis longus + flexor digitorum profundus

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19
Q

The pronator quadratus originates in the distal region of the forearm + runs from the … to the …

A

Ulna, radius

20
Q

The brachioradialis originates in… + inserts in…

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, styloid process of radius

21
Q

In the proximal region of the forearm, the brachioradialis encloses a nerve in between itself + a muscle. Name the nerve + the muscle.

A

Radial nerve, brachialis muscle

22
Q

In the forearm, the brachioradialis covers 2 very important structures.
Name them.

A

Radial artery + superficial branch of radial nerve

23
Q

The extensor digitorum originates in… + inserts into…

A

Common extensor tendon, middle + distal phalanges of the fingers (2 to 5)

24
Q

The extensor digiti minimi originates in… + inserts in…

A

Common extensor tendon, phalanges of 5. finger

25
Q

The extensor carpi ulnaris runs from… to…

A

Common extensor tendon, base of the 5. metacarpal

26
Q

The supinator of the forearm originates in… + inserts in…

A

Ulna (supinator crest) + humerus (epicondyle), surrounds the head of the radius + inserts into it laterally

27
Q

The abductor pollicis longus originates in… + inserts in…

A

Posterior surface of the ulna, base of the 1. metacarpal

28
Q

The extensor pollicis brevis originates in… + inserts in…

A

Posterior surface of the radius, distal to the abductor, proximal phalanx of 1. finger

29
Q

The extensor pollicis longus originates in… + inserts in…

A

Back of the ulna, distal phalanx

30
Q

The extensor indicis runs from… to…

A

The radius to the phalanges of the index finger

31
Q

Explain which tendons pass thorugh which part of the extensor compartment

A

I. Abductor pollicis longus + extensor pollicis brevis
II. Extensor carpi radialis (brevis + longus)
III. Extensor pollicis longus
IV. Extensor digitorum + indicis
V. Extensor digiti minimi
VI. Extensor carpi ulnaris

32
Q

The extensor carpi radialis originates in… + inserts in…

A

It has 2 heads, one originating in the medial epicondyle + the other one in the radius, inserts into the base of the 3. (brevis) + 2. (longus) metacarpals

33
Q

Name the muscles of the thenar eminence

A

Flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis + opponens pollicis

34
Q

The thenar muscles insert into the region of the …, … + …

A

Scaphoid tubercle, trapezium + flexor retinaculum

35
Q

The muscles of the thenar eminence are all innervated by the … nerve

A

Median

36
Q

The lumbrical muscles arise from the tendons of the … + insert into the …

A

Flexor digitorum profundus, extensors

37
Q

Describe the pattern of innervation of the 4 lumbrical muscles

A

The 2 medial ones are innervated by the ulnar nerve + the 2 lateral ones by the median nerve

38
Q

The lumbrical muscles allow for … flexion with … extension

A

Metacarpophalangeal flexion, interphalangeal extension

39
Q

How many palmar interosseous muscles do we have?

A

3

40
Q

The palmar interosseous muscles act on 3 fingers. Name them + the function of the muscles

A

2.,4. + 5.

They all adduct

41
Q

How many dorsal interosseous muscles do we have?

A

4

42
Q

On which fingers do the dorsal interosseous muscles act? Name them + the function of the muscles

A

2., 3. + 4.

They all abduct

43
Q

Name the function of the interosseous muscles (hand)

A

Metacarpophalangeal flexion with interphalangeal extension + ab/adduction

44
Q

The interosseous muscles are ALL innervated by the … nerve

A

Ulnar

45
Q

Name the muscles of the hypothenar eminence

A

Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi

46
Q

The muscles of the hypothenar eminence all insert into the region of …, … + …

A

The pisiform, hook of the hamate + flexor retinaculum

47
Q

The dorsal digital expansion of the hand is formed by the conjunction of…

A
  • the common extensor tendons (+ proper in the case of the 2. + 5. digits)
  • the tendons of the interosseous muscles
  • the tendons of the lumbrical muscles (on the radial side)

anatomy (23 decks)

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