muscles of the forearm + hand Flashcards
The muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm are all … + …
Flexors, pronators
The majority of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm originate from the … tendon, which is located in the … of the humerus
Common flexor tendon, medial epicondyle
The pronator teres originates in the … + the …
Medial epicondyle, ulna
Name the nerve that passes through the two heads of the pronator teres
Median nerve
The pronator teres inserts into …
The intermediate region (anteriorly) of the radius
The flexor carpi radialis originates in… + inserts in…
Common flexor tendon, base of the 2. metacarpal
Functions of the flexor carpi radialis
Wrist flexion
The palmaris longus originates in… + inserts in…
Common flexor tendon, palmar aponeurosis + flexor retinaculum
The flexor carpi ulnaris originates in… + inserts in…
Medial epicondyle + the dorsum of the ulna, pisiform
Nerve that passes through the flexor carpi ulnaris
Ulnar nerve
Functions of the flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexion + ulnar deviation of the wrist
Name the structures that pass through the carpal tunnel
Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis + profundus, flexor pollicis longus + median nerve
The flexor digitorum superficialis inserts into…
The base of the middle phalanx
The FDS of the forearm allows for…
Proximal interphalangeal flexion
Muscle that is innervated by the median + ulnar nerve (medial 1/2 by the ulnar, lateral 1/2 by the median)
Flexor digitorum profundus
The flexor digitorum profundus originates in… + … and inserts in…
Ulna + interosseous membrane, distal phalanges of 2. to 5. digits
Name the muscle that originates on the surface of the radius, lateral to the flexor digitorum profundus + inserts into the distal phalanx of the thumb
Flexor pollicis longus
The anterior interosseous nerve + vessels pass into the hand in between 2 muscles. Name them.
Flexor pollicis longus + flexor digitorum profundus
The pronator quadratus originates in the distal region of the forearm + runs from the … to the …
Ulna, radius
The brachioradialis originates in… + inserts in…
Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, styloid process of radius
In the proximal region of the forearm, the brachioradialis encloses a nerve in between itself + a muscle. Name the nerve + the muscle.
Radial nerve, brachialis muscle
In the forearm, the brachioradialis covers 2 very important structures.
Name them.
Radial artery + superficial branch of radial nerve
The extensor digitorum originates in… + inserts into…
Common extensor tendon, middle + distal phalanges of the fingers (2 to 5)
The extensor digiti minimi originates in… + inserts in…
Common extensor tendon, phalanges of 5. finger
The extensor carpi ulnaris runs from… to…
Common extensor tendon, base of the 5. metacarpal
The supinator of the forearm originates in… + inserts in…
Ulna (supinator crest) + humerus (epicondyle), surrounds the head of the radius + inserts into it laterally
The abductor pollicis longus originates in… + inserts in…
Posterior surface of the ulna, base of the 1. metacarpal
The extensor pollicis brevis originates in… + inserts in…
Posterior surface of the radius, distal to the abductor, proximal phalanx of 1. finger
The extensor pollicis longus originates in… + inserts in…
Back of the ulna, distal phalanx
The extensor indicis runs from… to…
The radius to the phalanges of the index finger
Explain which tendons pass thorugh which part of the extensor compartment
I. Abductor pollicis longus + extensor pollicis brevis
II. Extensor carpi radialis (brevis + longus)
III. Extensor pollicis longus
IV. Extensor digitorum + indicis
V. Extensor digiti minimi
VI. Extensor carpi ulnaris
The extensor carpi radialis originates in… + inserts in…
It has 2 heads, one originating in the medial epicondyle + the other one in the radius, inserts into the base of the 3. (brevis) + 2. (longus) metacarpals
Name the muscles of the thenar eminence
Flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis + opponens pollicis
The thenar muscles insert into the region of the …, … + …
Scaphoid tubercle, trapezium + flexor retinaculum
The muscles of the thenar eminence are all innervated by the … nerve
Median
The lumbrical muscles arise from the tendons of the … + insert into the …
Flexor digitorum profundus, extensors
Describe the pattern of innervation of the 4 lumbrical muscles
The 2 medial ones are innervated by the ulnar nerve + the 2 lateral ones by the median nerve
The lumbrical muscles allow for … flexion with … extension
Metacarpophalangeal flexion, interphalangeal extension
How many palmar interosseous muscles do we have?
3
The palmar interosseous muscles act on 3 fingers. Name them + the function of the muscles
2.,4. + 5.
They all adduct
How many dorsal interosseous muscles do we have?
4
On which fingers do the dorsal interosseous muscles act? Name them + the function of the muscles
2., 3. + 4.
They all abduct
Name the function of the interosseous muscles (hand)
Metacarpophalangeal flexion with interphalangeal extension + ab/adduction
The interosseous muscles are ALL innervated by the … nerve
Ulnar
Name the muscles of the hypothenar eminence
Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi
The muscles of the hypothenar eminence all insert into the region of …, … + …
The pisiform, hook of the hamate + flexor retinaculum
The dorsal digital expansion of the hand is formed by the conjunction of…
- the common extensor tendons (+ proper in the case of the 2. + 5. digits)
- the tendons of the interosseous muscles
- the tendons of the lumbrical muscles (on the radial side)
