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muscles of the abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

The superficial fascia of the abdomen can be divided into 2. Name the 2 fascias

A

Camper’s fascia (fat) + Scarpa’s fascia (membranous, deeper layer)

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2
Q

Most superficial one of the obliques

A

External obliques

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3
Q

The external obliques have a … orientation

A

Inferomedial

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4
Q

From where to where does the inguinal ligament run?

A

Anterosuperior iliac spine to pubic tubercle

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5
Q

Ligament that’s an “expansion” of the inguinal lig. and connects it with the pectineal crest + pubis

A

Lacunar ligament

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6
Q

The internal oblique has a … orientation

A

Inferolateral

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7
Q

The uppermost fibres of the internal oblique are in contact with…

A

The costal cartilage

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8
Q

Line that runs in the middle of the abdomen (and into which the muscles insert)

A

Linea alba

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9
Q

Muscle that’s deep to the internal oblique + whose fibres have a horizontal orientation

A

Transversus abdominis

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10
Q

Fascia that covers the deep surface of the tranversus abdominus

A

Transversalis fascia

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11
Q

Muscle that runs from the ribs to the pubic symphysis + is interrupted by 3 or 4 tendinous intersections

A

Rectus abdominis

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12
Q

Small muscle that’s found in the inferior part of the abdomen + runs from the pubis to the linea alba

A

Pyramidalis

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13
Q

Aponeurotic sheath/layer that covers the rectus abdominis + pyramidalis

A

Rectus sheath

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14
Q

Describe the way the aponeuroses + transversalis fascia of the rectus sheath are organized in the upper 3/4 of the abdomen (above the arcuate line)

A

Anterior part of sheath: external oblique + half of internal oblique
Posterior part: other half of internal oblique, transversus abdominis + transversalia fascia

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15
Q

Describe the way the aponeuroses + transversalis fascia of the rectus sheath are organized in the lower 1/4 of the abdomen (beneath the arcuate line)

A

Anterior part: all the aponeuroses (ext., int., transversalis)
Posterior part: transversalis fascia

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16
Q

Nerves that innervate the muscles of the abdomen

A

T7-L1, run between the transversus abdominis + the internal oblique

17
Q

Name the dermatomes T6, T10 + L1

A

T6 - xiphoid
T10 - umbilicus
L1 - groin-pubis

18
Q

Superifical vessels irrigating the abdomen in the superior part

A

Musculophrenic arteries + veins

19
Q

Deep vessels irrigating the superior part of the abdomen

A

Superior epigastric, intercostal (11 + 12), subcostal

20
Q

Superifical vessels irrigating the abdomen in the inferior part

A

Superficial circumflex iliac arteries + veins

Superficial epigastric

21
Q

Deep vessels irrigating the inferior part of the abdomen

A

Inferior epigastric, deep circumflex iliac arteries + veins

22
Q

The deep inguinal ring originates … to the inferior … vessels

A

Lateral, epigastric

23
Q

Structure that forms the deep inguinal ring (entry to the canal) by evaginating

A

Transversalis Fascia

24
Q

The transversalis fascia gives rise to the … fascia

A

Internal spermatic

25
Q

Structure that gives rise to the superficial inguinal ring by evaginating

A

Aponeurosis of the external oblique

26
Q

Where is the superficial inguinal ring located?

A

In the pubic tubercle + medial end of the inguinal lig.

27
Q

The medial crus of the superficial inguinal ring arises from … + inserts into …

A

Aponeurosis of external oblique, into pubic symphysis + pubic crest

28
Q

The lateral crus of the superficial inguinal ring arises from … + inserts into …

A

Aponeurosis of external oblique, into pubic tubercle

29
Q

Mneumonic for the parts of the inguinal canal + the meaning

A 
MALT 
Muscles 
Aponeuroses 
Ligaments 
Tranversalis fascia
30
Q

Muscles that make up the roof of the inguinal canal

A

Transversus abdominis + internal oblique

31
Q

The anterior part of the inguinal canal is made up of …

A

The aponeurosis of the external oblique + (closer to the midline) the fibres of the internal oblique + the cremaster (muscle + fascia)

32
Q

Ligaments that make up the floor of the inguinal canal

A

Inguinal + lacunar

33
Q

Structure that makes up the post. part of the inguinal canal

A

Transversalis fascia (towards the middle also the conjoint tendon)

34
Q

Aponeuroses that make up the conjoint tendon/inguinal falx

A

Aponeuroses of internal oblique + transversus abdominis

35
Q

Content of the inguinal canal

A
  1. spermatic cord (men) or round ligament of the uterus (women)
  2. genital nerve of the genitofemoral nerve
  3. ilioinguinal nerve (only passes through a portion of the canal + exits through the superficial inguinal ring)
36
Q

The superficial inguinal ring becomes continuous with …

A

The external spermatic fascia

anatomy (23 decks)

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