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LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy - Back/UE/LE 2022 > Upper Limb Clinical Supplement > Flashcards

Upper Limb Clinical Supplement Flashcards

1
Q

Growth plate articulation type:

A

Synchondrosis (primary cartilaginous)

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2
Q

Sternoclavicular articulation type:

A

synovial saddle

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3
Q

Acromioclavicular articulation type:

A

Synovial plane/gliding

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4
Q

Glenoid articulation type:

A

Synovial ball and socket

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5
Q

Elbow articulation type:

A

Synovial hinge

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6
Q

Proximal radioulnar articulation type:

A

Synovial pivot

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7
Q

Distal radioulnar articulation type:

A

Synovial pivot

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8
Q

Radiocarpal articulation type:

A

Synovial condyloid

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9
Q

Intercarpal articulation type:

A

Synovial plane/gliding

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10
Q

Metacarpo-phalangeal articulation type:

A

Synovial condyloid

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11
Q

Carpometacarpal digits 2-5 articulation type:

A

Synovial plane/gliding

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12
Q

Carpometacarpal (digit 1) articulation type:

A

Synovial saddle

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13
Q

Metacarpo-phalangeal articulation type:

A

Synovial codyloid

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14
Q

Interphalangeal articulation type:

A

Hinge joint

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15
Q

Thumb dermatome

A

C6

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16
Q

Middle finger dermatome

A

C7

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17
Q

5th finger (pinkie) dermatome

A

C8

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18
Q

Medial forearm and arm dermatome

A

T1

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19
Q

C3-C5 shoulder referred pain

A

Things in contact with phrenic nerve;

Peritonitis
Gall bladder
Pleurisy
Hepatic absess
Pericarditis

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20
Q

Conoid tubercle attachment

A

Conoid ligament

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21
Q

Coracoid process attachments

A

Pectoralis minor
Coracobrachialis
Short head of biceps

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22
Q

Acromion Attachments

A

Deltoid and trapezius

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23
Q

Scapular spine attachments

A

Deltoid

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24
Q

Supraglenoid Tubercle

A

Long head of biceps brachii

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25
Q

Greater tubercle attachment

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor

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26
Q

Lesser tubercle attachments

A

Subscapularis
Transverse ligament of shoulder

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27
Q

Olecranon attachment

A

Triceps brachii
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Aconeus

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28
Q

Medial epicondyle attachment

A

Common flexor tendon
Pronator teres
Ulnar collateral ligament of elbow

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29
Q

Radial tuberosity attachments

A

Biceps brachii muscle

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30
Q

Dorsal Radial / Lister’s tubercle does what

A

Extensor pollicis longus pulley

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31
Q

Ulnar tuberosity attachment

A

Brachialis muscle

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32
Q

Radial styloid attachment

A

Tendon of brachioradialis muscle
Radial collateral ligament

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33
Q

Surgical neck of humerus structure at risk

A

Surgical neck of humerus
Posterior circumflex humeral artery

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34
Q

Midshaft humeral fracture at risk structures

A

Radial nerve, profunda brachial artery

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35
Q

Supracondylar humerus fracture at risk structure

A

Median nerve, radial nerve, ulnar nerve, brachial artery

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36
Q

UE Medial epincondyle fracture at risk structure

A

ulnar nerve

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37
Q

Colle’s Fx and risk

A

Break in radius close to wrist.

Median nerve at risk

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38
Q

Lunate dislocation structure at risk

A

Median nerve

39
Q

Dupuytren’s contracture

A

Pathological thickening and shortening of longitudnal bundles of palmar aponeurosis.

Digits 4/5 contracted. Can mimic ulnar claw

40
Q

Most commonly fractured bone in body

A

Clavicle

41
Q

Clavicular fracture structures in danger

A

Suprascapular VAN

Supraclavicular nerves

Brachial plexus

Subclavian vein

42
Q

Shoulder separation

A

Acromioclavicular joint dislocation

Involves acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligament rupture

43
Q

Shoulder bursae locations

A

Subdeltoid bursa

Subacromial bursa

44
Q

Rotator cuff function

A

Glenohumeral joint stability

45
Q

Most commonly injured rotator cuff muscle

A

Supraspinatus

Occurs due to heavy lifting or catching falling object

46
Q

Supraspinatus rupture test

A

Drop arm test

Ask patient to lower arm from 90deg abduction. Failure to do so smoothly suggest supraspinatus tear

47
Q

Glenohumeral dislocation

A

Stability is sacrificed for mobility

48
Q

Types and frequency of glenohumeral dislocation

A

Anterior 95%
Posterior 5%

49
Q

Anterior glenohumeral dislocation

A

Anterior band of glenohumeral ligament tears and detaches labrum

Results in humeral head compression, injures axillary and radial nerves, compresses axillary artery

50
Q

Long head of biceps rupture cause

A

Chronic inflamation causes intrascapular portion of tendon to erode and rupture

51
Q

Boxers fracture

A

5th metacarpal

52
Q

Golfers wrist

A

Hairline fracture of hook of hamate. Causes pain/tenderness in palm/wrist

53
Q

Falls on outstreched hand by age

A

Youth: distal radial epiphysis broken
Adolescent: Clavicular fracture
Elderly: Colle’s fracture

54
Q

Colle’s fracture sign

A

Dinner fork deformity

55
Q

Scaphoid fracture

A

Often due to fall on outstretched hand

Pain in snuff box

Succeptible to avascular necrosis

Claire sucks at skateboarding

56
Q

Lunate FOOSH

A

Most common carpal dislocation

Can impinge on carpal tunnel and median nerve

57
Q

TERRIBLE TRIAD

A

Elbow injury:

Dislocation

Fracture of radial head

Avulsion of coronoid process

58
Q

Tommy John surgery procedure + risk

A

Reconstruction of torn ulnar collateral ligament

Risk to ulnar nerve as it passes posterior to median epicondyle

59
Q

Nursemaid’s Elbow

A

Yank of child’s arm tears annular ligament causing subluxation or dislocation

60
Q

Pulses grading scale

A

0- absent
1- weak
2- normal
3- increased
4- BOUNDING

the bitch on the trauma team screaming 2+ radial pulses

61
Q

Ligation of brachial artery

A

Greatly impaired blood flow to forearm and hand

62
Q

Ligation of brachial distal artery

A

Collateral channels around elbow maintain circulation

63
Q

Allen Test

A

Tests for ulnar/radial artery communication

Patient makes tight fist —> ulnar and radial arteries are compressed —> circulation should return with either artery being released.

64
Q

What should be preserved in case of axillary vein laceration or compression

A

Cephalic vein to continue blood flow

65
Q

Risk after axillary vein trauma

A

Air embolism

no bueno

66
Q

Avascular necrosis of scaphoid mechanism

A

Transverese fracture causes distal and proximal fragments to be separated

Artery enters distally so proximal side may not perfuse

67
Q

Lymphedema in UE is often due to iatrogenic injury of

A

Axillary lymph channels usually in breast or axilla surgery

68
Q

Biceps MSR

A

C5-C6

musculocutaneous nerve

69
Q

Brachioradialis MSR

A

C5-C6 (radial nerve)

70
Q

Triceps MSR

A

C7-C8 (radial nerve)

71
Q

Sympathetic UE innervation spinal cord levels

A

T2-T7

72
Q

Shoulder aBduction myotome

A

C5-C6

73
Q

Shoulder aDduction myotome

A

C5-T1 pec major
C5-C6 subscapularis

74
Q

Shoulder flexion myotome

A

C5-C6

75
Q

Shoulder extension myotome

A

C5-C8

76
Q

Shoulder internal rotation myotome

A

C5-T1 pec major
C5-C6 subscapularis

77
Q

Shoulder external rotation myotome

A

C5-C6

78
Q

Elbox flexion myotome

A

C5-C6

79
Q

Elbow extension myotome

A

C6-C8

80
Q

Elbow supination myotome

A

C5-C7

81
Q

Elbow pronation myotome

A

C6-C8

82
Q

Wrist flexion myotome

A

C7-C8

83
Q

Wrist extension myotome

A

C6

84
Q

Wrist aDduction myotome

A

C7-C8

85
Q

Finger flexion myotome

A

C8

86
Q

Finger extension mytome

A

C7

87
Q

Finger aBduction myotome

A

C8-T1

88
Q

finger aDduction myotome

A

C8-T1

89
Q

Erb’s palsy results from

A

C5-C6 root injury or upper trunk of brachial plexus due to neck traction

90
Q

Erb’s palsy s/s

A

Paralysis of shoulder aBductors and lateral rotators, elbow flexors and wrist extensors

Sensory loss of C5-C6 dermatome

Waiter’s tip position = low key drug deal position

91
Q

Klumkes palsy cause

A

Injury to C8 and T1 nerve roots or lower brachial plexus trunks… often due to falling and catching on ledge

92
Q

Klumpkes palsy s/s

A

Claw hand digits 2-5

93
Q

Neurological causes of winged scapula

A

Long thoracic nerve

Spinal accessory nerve

Dorsal scapular nerve

94
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve injury

A

Due to entrapment as it passes through scalene muscle

Results in partially protracted scapula, weakness in elevation and retraction

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy - Back/UE/LE 2022 (25 decks)

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