Posterior and Gluteal Region

Question 1

High yield information about greater sciatic foramen

Answer 1

A portal into the gluteal region and posterior thigh. The sciatic nerve goes through here and is huge!

Question 2

What innervates the gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fascia lata?

Answer 2

Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

Question 3

Injury to superior gluteal nerve results in…

Answer 3

Trendelenburg sign

Question 4

What innervates the gluteus maximus?

Answer 4

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

Question 5

If injury occurs to inferior gluteal nerve, what happens?

Answer 5

Weakness rising from sitting position, going up stairs

Question 6

The thigh has 3 muscle compartments, which ones?

Answer 6

Anterior, medial, and posterior

Question 7

What innervates the anterior compartment of posterior thigh?

Answer 7

Femoral nerve (L2-4) + anterior rami from lumbar plexus (L1-4)

Question 8

What innervates the posterior thigh compartment?

Answer 8

Sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

Question 9

What innervates the medial compartment of posterior thigh?

Answer 9

Obturator nerve (L2-4)

Question 10

What is the primary hip extensor?

Answer 10

Gluteus maximus

Question 11

What is the primary knee flexor?

Answer 11

Hamstrings

Question 12

What is the best bony sites to find the femoral nerve?

Answer 12

PSIS, greater sciatic foramen, greater trochanter, and ischial tuberosity

Question 13

What innervates the gluteus maximus? What is its primary functions?

Answer 13

Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve
Function: Hip extension, lateral rotator

Question 14

Attachment, insertion, innervation, and function of gluteus medius

Answer 14

Attachment: ala of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Function: abduction, medial rotation

Question 15

Attachment, insertion, innervation, and function of gluteus minimus

Answer 15

Attachment: ala of ilium
Insertion: ~
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Function: medial rotators, abductors

Question 16

Attachment, insertion, innervation, and function of tensor fascia lata

Answer 16

Attachment: ASIS
Insertion: IT Band
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Function: abductor, lateral rotator of tibia, locks knee

Question 17

What are the lateral rotators of the leg?

Answer 17

Obturator internus, gemelli brothers, quadratus femoris, piriformis, obturator externus

Question 18

What is innervated by nerve to obturator internus?

Answer 18

Obturator internus and gemellus superior

Question 19

What is innervated by the nerve to quadratus femoris?

Answer 19

Quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus

Question 20

What innervates piriformis?

Answer 20

Branches of ventral rami (S1, S2)

Question 21

Function of obturator externus

Answer 21

Lateral rotators

Question 22

What are the muscles of the posterior thigh?

Answer 22

Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, popliteus

Question 23

What unlocks the knee?

Answer 23

Popliteus

Question 24

What is the attachment, function, and innervation of hamstrings?

Answer 24

Attachment: Ischial tuberosity
Function: flexes knee, extends hip
Innervation: sciatic nerve

Question 25

Pes anserinus is lovingly known as...

Answer 25

GOOOOOSE FOOT

Question 26

What three muscles make up pes anserinus?

Answer 26

Sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus

Question 27

What is the distal attachment of goose foot?

Answer 27

Medial tibia

Question 28

What are the common tendons used for ACL repair?

Answer 28

Semitendinosus and gracilis tendons

Question 29

What are components of the saphenous nerve?

Answer 29

GSA, GVA, GVE

Question 30

What is inside the greater sciatic foramen?

Answer 30

Superior gluteal VAN, inferior gluteal VAN and sciatic nerve

Question 31

What is the best artery for collateral support of geniculars?

Answer 31

Medial superior genicular artery

Question 32

What is the continuation of femoral artery?

Answer 32

Popliteal artery

Question 33

What are the components of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 33

Common fibular nerve, tibial nerve, sural nerve, popliteal artery, lesser saphenous vein, popliteal vein

Question 34

What is the deepest component of the right popliteal fossa?

Answer 34

Popliteal artery

Question 35

What is the most superficial component of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 35

Lesser saphenous vein and sural vein

Question 36

What is in the intermediate layer of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 36

Tibial nerve and popliteal vein

Question 37

What is the deepest component of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 37

Popliteal artery

Question 38

What forms the floor of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 38

Popliteus

Question 39

What is the muscle that prevents pelvis from tilting when walking?

Answer 39

Gluteus medius

Question 40

What extends the leg?

Answer 40

Quadriceps femoris

Question 41

What is the major artery of the femur?

Answer 41

Medial femoral circumflex artery

Question 42

What is the spinal level of the patellar reflex?

Answer 42

L4

Question 43

Innervation of adductor magnus

Answer 43

Obturator, tibial portion of sciatic