Leg Flashcards
Where does the leg extend to?
From knee to ankle
What makes the leg susceptible to compartment syndrome?
Crural fascia
What are the three compartments of the leg?
Anterior, lateral, posterior
What innervates the anterior compartment?
Deep fibular n (L4-S1)
What innervates the lateral compartment?
Superficial fibular nerve (L5-S1)
What innervates the posterior compartment?
Tibial nerve (S1-S2)
What artery has branches supplying each compartment?
Popliteal artery -> from femoral artery
What spinal level is the patellar reflex?
L4
What spinal level is the Achilles reflex?
S1
What nerve is in direct contact with the neck of the fibula?
Common fibular nerve
Anterior compartment major functions
Dorsiflexion, toe extension, inversion, eversion
Posterior compartment major functions
Toe flexion, plantar flexion, inversion
Lateral compartment major function
Eversion
What is the height of the common fibular nerve?
About the height of a car bumper
Muscles in anterior compartment
Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallicus longus, fibularis tertius, extensor digitorum brevis
Chief inventors of foot
Tibialis anterior & posterior
Chief evertors of foot
Fibularis longus and brevis
Muscle that unlocks knee joint
Popliteus
Muscle impacted by foot slap
Tibilias anterior
What is the primary function of EDL?
Extends toes 2-5
What is the primary function of EHL?
Extends great toe
What is the most variable anterior muscle?
Extensor digitorum brevis
What are the muscles of the lateral compartment?
Fibularis longus and brevis
Where does the fibular longus attach?
Tendon attaches to base of 1st metatarsal
Where does fibularis brevis attach?
Base of 5th metatarsal
What composes the triceps surae?
Gastrocnemius and soleus
Where does the triceps surae attach?
Achilles tendon
Where can you find the plantaris?
Under the gastrocnemius
What is the main function of the posterior compartment?
Plantarflexion
What are the components of the posterior compartment?
Triceps surae, plantaris, popliteus, tibilias posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus
What is the major function of the popliteus?
Medial rotator (unlocks knee), sits deep in popliteal fossa
What are the branches of the popliteal artery?
Superior muscular, sural, cutaneous branches, geniculars
What are the two major divides of popliteal artery?
Anterior tibial and posterior tibial
What tendon is affected of the avulsion fracture of 5th metatarsal?
Fibularis brevis
What is the ligament that checks backward displacement of the femur on tibia?
Anterior cruciate ligament
What ligament has laxity during a positive valgus maneuver?
Medial collalateral
What division of the popliteal artery goes into anterior compartment?
Anterior tibial
What division of the popliteal artery goes into the posterior compartment?
Posterior tibial
What artery goes to lateral compartment?
Fibular artery
Injury of the tibial nerve near the popliteal fossa causes?
0/5 muscle strength of plantarflexion, and 0 Achilles reflex
Tibial nerve injury near the ankle
No muscle weakness
Etiology of common fibular nerve injury
Diabetes, age
