Upper Limb: Bones and Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Name all the bones of the upper limb

A

Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus, Radius, Ulnar, Carpus, Metacarpus and Phalanges.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe some of the features of the clavicle.

A

It has a sooth superior surface but a rough inferior surface. It has a rounded proximal end and a flat distal end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the name of the joint between the sternum and clavicle

A

Sternoclavicular joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name some of the landmark features of the clavicle

A

All on the posterior surface

  • Impression for the costoclavicular ligament
  • Subclavian groove
  • Conoid tubercle
  • Trapezoid line
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name some of the landmark features of the scapula

A
  • Acromion (found at the end of scapula spine) where the articular surface for clavicle is found
  • Coracoid process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What ligaments are found within the acromioclavicular joint

A
  • Acromioclavicular ligament
  • Coracoclavicular ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the glenoid fossa/cavity?

A

It is where the head of the humerus attaches to the scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What ligaments are found in the stenoclavicular joint?

A
  • Interclavicular ligament (runs along the top of the sternum connecting the two heads of clavicle)
  • Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligament.
  • Also involved is the costoclavicular ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is the sternoclavicular joint an atypical synovial joint

A

Because it is lined by fibrocartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What two ligaments make up the coracoclavicular ligament

A

Trapezoid ligament (lateral) and the conoid ligament (medial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three angels of the scapula? and draw them

A

Superior
Lateral (under the acromion)
Inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the three fossae of the scapula?

A

Supraspinous (above spine but below superior angle)
Infraspinous (posterior surface below spine)
Subscapular (anterior surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the three boarders of the scapula

A

Madial, Lateral and Superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What closes over the suprascapular notch to form the suprascapular foramen?

A

The upper transverse scapular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe some of the features and land marks of the proximal humerus and draw them

A
  • Head
  • Anatomical neck
  • Surgical neck
  • Greater tubercle (lateral)
  • Lesser tubercle (medial)
  • Inbetween two tubercles is the intertubercle sulcus
  • Lateral and Medial lips
  • Deltoid tuberosity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name and show the ligaments of the glenohumeral joint

A

Coraco-acromial ligament
Coraco-humeral ligament
-Transverse humeral ligament (holds down the long head of bicep)
3 Glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle and inferior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What muscles increase glenohumeral stability?

A

Rotator cuff

18
Q

What bursae are found in the glenohumeral joint?

A
Subacromial (subdeltoid) bursae
Subscapula bursae (continuation of joint capsule)
19
Q

Name some fractures of the humerus and their closely associated nerves which can become damages

A

Mid Shaft - Radial nerves (found in spinal groove)
Surgical neck - Axillary nerve
Supracodylar - Median nerve

20
Q

Name the two parts of the condyle of humerus

A

Capitulum (lateral)

Trochlea (medial)

21
Q

What are the three fossas located above the capitulum and trochlea

A

Above the capitulum is the radial fossa

Above the trochlea is the coronoid process

Posteriorly is the olecranon process

22
Q

Name and show the landmark features of the proximal ulna

A
Olecranon
Radial Notch
Supinator crest
Coronoid process
Trochlear notch
Tuberosity of ulna
23
Q

Where does the brachial artery start and bifurcate (end)

A

It starts at Teres Major and bifurcates at the elbow

24
Q

Name the landmark features of the proximal radius

A

Head
Neck
Radial Tuberosity
Oblique line (below tuberosity)

25
Q

What joints make up the elbow joint

A

The Humreo-ulnar joint and the humreo-radial joint

26
Q

The elbow joint supported by?

A

The collateral ligaments; the radial collateral ligaments and the ulnar collateral ligament

27
Q

What is pulled elbow?

A

When you disarticulate the radius from the annular ligament (ligament that wraps around the head of the radius)

28
Q

Name two olecranon bursae

A
  • Deep intratendinous bursa

- Superficial subcutaneous bursa

29
Q

What is a colles’ fracture?

A

A fracture of the distal radius that raises superiorly

30
Q

What is the interosseous membrane between the radius and ulna called?

A

Middle radio-ulnar joint

31
Q

What separates the ulnar from wrist bones

A

fibrocartilaginous disc

32
Q

What is the distal radioulnar joint?

A

The joint between the ulnar notch of the radius and the ulnar head

33
Q

Name the carpal bones

A

Proximal row - Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum and pisiform

Distal Row - Trapezium, Trapezoid, capitate and hammate

34
Q

What helps aid movement at the distal radio-ulnar joint

A

The sacciform recess. Distal extension of joint capsule between ulna and radius

35
Q

What type of joints are inter-carpal joints and what movement do they allow for?

A

Plane joints that allow for sliding movement

36
Q

What is the mid-carpal joint important in?

A

Abduction and extension

37
Q

What type of joints are the carpal-metacarpal joints?

A

1st joint is a saddle joint (at the thumb)

2nd to 5th joints are condyloid joints

38
Q

What type of joints are the metacarpal-phalangeal? and what ligaments are found here?

A

Condylar joint. With collateral and palmar ligaments

39
Q

What type of joints are interphalangeal joints?

A

Hing joints with collateral and palmar ligaments

40
Q

Show the movements of the thumb

A