Upper Limb: Arm and Forearm Flashcards
Of the anterior arm; name the muscles and their attachments
Biceps Brachii - Radial tuberosity to supraglenoid tubercle (long head) and coracoid process (short head)
Coracobrachialis - Coracoid process (mainly acts as synergist)
Brachialis - Anterior humerus to the coronoid process
Describe what movements the muscles of the anterior arm are involved in and the nerve that supplies them.
ALL supplied by musculocutaneous Nerve.
Brachialis - Prime mover in flexion supplied by C5,6
Biceps Brachii - Supination and then flexion (cant flex in pronation) - C5,5,7
Coracobrachialis - Flexion adduction at GH but mainly stabalises - C5,6,7
Describe the Biceps reflex (what is tests and what happens)
It is a deep tendon reflex that tests C5 and C6 segments. Hitting the tendon causes an involuntary stretch. Afferents from muscle spindles (strech receptors) synapse on efferent motor neurons causing a flexion jerk
Name the two muscles of the posterior arm, the nerve that innervates them and their movement
Both supplied by the radial nerve
Triceps Brachii - Extension (C6,7,8)
Anconeus - Elbow stability (C7,8,T1)
Describe what spinal segments the triceps reflex tests and what occurs during it.
It is a deep tendon reflex and tests spinal segments C6 and C7. Afferents from motor spindles (stretch receptors) synapse on efferent motor neurons causing a extension jerk
What structures run from the arm into the forearm
Ulnar Nerve
Median Nerve + brachial artery
Musculocutaneous Nerve
Radial Nerve + profunda brachii artery
Describe the boarders of the cubital fossa
Pronator teres (medial)
Breachioradialis (lateral)
Line between lateral and medial epicondyles (superior)
What is the roof of the cubital fossa?
Bicipital aponeurosis
Describe the contents of the cubital fossa from medial to lateral
Median Nerve, Breachial Artery, Biceps tendon and then radial nerve
What is on the floor of the cubital fossa?
Supinator and brachialis muscles
What lies superficially in the cubital fossa?
The median cubital vein
Name the muscles of the anterior superfical layer of the forearm, and what nerve supplies them
Pronator teres - median nerve (C6,7)
Flexor carpi radialis - Median nerve (C6,7)
Palmaris longus - Median Nerve (C6,7) (absent in about 15% of pop)
Flexor carpi ulnaris _ Ulnar Nerve (C7,8)
Name the anterior intermediate layer of muscle in the forearm and what the muscle is supplied by
Flexor digitorum superficialis (flexes the digets) - median Nerve (C7,8,T1)
Name the muscles and their nerve supply of the anterior deep layer of muscles in the forearm
Flexor digitorum profundus - Medial half is supplied by the ulnar nerve (C8,T1) and the lateral half is supplied by the median nerve (C8,T1)
Flexor policis longus - Anterior Interosseous N (C8,T1)
Pronator Quadratus - Anterior interosseous N (C8,T1)
look at the diagram for insertions and origins of the muscles
week 2