Upper Limb Flashcards
1
Q
A
Acromial End of Clavicle
2
Q
A
Sternal End Of Clavicle
3
Q
A
Conoid Tubercle - on acromial end
4
Q
A
Impression for costoclavicular ligament - sternal end
5
Q
Scapula
A
bridge between clavicle and humerus
6
Q
A
Glenoid cavity/fossa
7
Q
A
Infraglenoid tubercle
8
Q
A
Supraglenoid tubercle
9
Q
A
Suprascapular notch
10
Q
What runs in the suprascapular notch?
A
The suprascapular artery & nerve
The superior transverse ligament of scapula covers the notch, the artery is above, the nerve is below
11
Q
A
Neck of scapula
12
Q
A
Spine of Scapula
13
Q
A
Acromian
14
Q
A
Coracoid process
15
Q
A
Superior Angle of Scapula
16
Q
A
Inferior Angle of Scapula
17
Q
A
Lateral border of scapula
18
Q
A
Medial border of scapula
19
Q
A
Subscapular fossa
20
Q
A
Infraspinous fossa
21
Q
A
Supraspinous fossa
22
Q
The arm can be elevated how many degrees without movement of the scapula?
A
30 degrees
23
Q
the act of fully elevating the arm requires abduction at which joints?
A
120º occurs at the glenohumeral joint and 60º from scapular rotation
24
Q
Sternoclavicular Joint
A
saddle joint (morphology); ball and socket (functional) only bony articulation between the upper limb and the thorax
25
Acromioclavicular joint
Plane Synovial joint
26
Coracoclavicular ligament
| (coracoid process to clavicle)
27
Coracoacromial ligament
| (coracoid process to acromian)
28
Red circle
Acromioclavicular ligament
29
Acromioclavicular joint
30
Movements of scapula at acromioclavicular joint
Elevation/Depression
Protraction/Retraction
Rotation
31
Glenohumeral joint
Ball & Socket joint
Allows for:
Medial/Lateral Rotation
Abduction/Adduction
Flexion/Extension
32
Joint
Glenohumeral joint
33
glenoid labrum
a fibrocartilaginous ring surrounding the glenoid cavity
Stabilizing ligaments originate from here
34
7 & 6
7 = Glenoid labrum
6 = Glenoid cavity
35
Most common direction of humeral dislocation
Inferiorly - weakest because not reinforced by the rotator cuff muscles or coracoacromial arch
Called anterior dislocation
36
2
Superior, Middle, & Inferior Glenohumeral ligaments
37
Coracohumeral ligament
38
Transverse humeral ligament
39
Transverse humeral ligament
holds the long tendon of the biceps brachii between within the bicipital groove
40
Coracoacromial ligament
reinforces superior border of glenohumeral joint preventing superior dislocation
41
Axio-appendicular muscles
Extrinsic muscles attaching the upper limb to the thorax
Anterior: Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Subclavius, Serratus anterior
Posterior: Trapezius, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboideus major and minor, Latissimus dorsi
42
Scapulohumeral muscles
Intrinsic muscles connecting the scapula to the humerus
## Footnote
Deltoid, Teres major, Rotator Cuff (Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis)
43
Triangular Space
Contains the scapular circumflex artery
Lateral border—long head of the triceps
Superior border—teres minor
Inferior border—teres major
44
Quadrangular space
Contains axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery
Lateral border—humerus
Medial border—long head of triceps brachii
Superior border—teres minor
Inferiorly—teres major
45
Fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus can cause
damage to the contents of the quadrangular space, including the axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery
severance of the axillary nerve leads to paralysis and eventually atrophy of the deltoid (and teres minor)
46
Thyrocervical trunk
Dorsal scapular a. (can be a branch of the transverse cervical)
Suprascapular a. (can be a separate branch from the subclavian a.)
47
Axillary artery
As subclavian passes under the clavicle it changes names to the axillary. Three parts defined by their position relative to pectoralis minor and named based on how many arteries originate from them
48
Part 1 of Axillary a.
Proximal to pectoralis minor
Gives off Superior thoracic a.
49
Part 2 of Axillary a.
Deep (posterior) to pectoralis minor
Gives off:
Thoracoacromial trunk - Acromial, pectoral, clavicular, and deltoid branches
Lateral thoracic a.
50
Part 3 of Axillary a.
Distal to pectoralis minor
Gives off:
Anterior circumflex humeral a.
Posterior circumflex humeral a.
Subscapular a. - Circumflex scapular a. & Thoracodorsal a.
51
Cephalic vein
drains into axillary v.
travels in deltopectoral groove
52
Basilic vein
drains into axillary v.
passes through basilic hiatus
53
Median cubital vein
connects cephalic and basilic veins in cubital fossa
