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Anatomy > Superficial Back > Flashcards

Superficial Back Flashcards

1
Q

Dermatomes

A 
area of skin innervated by fibers from single spinal nerve or spinal cord segment
C5 clavicle
C6 thumb
T4 nipple
T10 umbilical
L1 groin
L4 medial foot
S1 outer foot
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2
Q

Superficial fascia

A

subcutaneous tissue - immediately below skin
covers most of body
storage area for body fat

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3
Q

Deep fascia

A

strong, dense deep to superficial fascia

contains no fat

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4
Q

Investing layer of deep fascia

A

covers deeper structures like muscles and neurovascular bundles

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5
Q

Intermuscular septa

A

separates muscles into groups

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6
Q

Retinaculum

A

thickening of deep fascia across tendons of muscles at joints

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7
Q

Superficial back muscles include

A

trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid major/minor
(Attach upper limb to axial skeleton, move arms not back - extrinsic back muscles)

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8
Q

Superficial back muscles are supplied by

A

ventral primary rami (because they are upper limb muscles)

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9
Q

Intermediate back muscles include

A

Serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior

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10
Q

Deep back muscles

A

true muscles of back, primary movers of back, innervated by dorsal primary rami

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11
Q

Trapezius muscle

A

attach pectoral girdle to axial skeleton
Flat triangular muscles
2 muscle, cover back of neck and upper half of trunk

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12
Q

Trapezius origin

A

Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C7-T12

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13
Q

Trapezius insertion

A

lateral 1/3 of Clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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14
Q

Trapezius nerve supply

A

Cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve) - motor

C3, C4 (ventral primary rami) - pain and proprioception

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15
Q

Trapezius blood supply

A

Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery (on deep surface)

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16
Q

Trapezius action

A

hold upper limb to trunk
adduct (retract) scapula, raises scapula, depresses scapula, rotates scapula so inferior angle is moved laterally for abduction of upper limb above horizontal position

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17
Q

Nerve injury to trapezius causes

A

drooping of scapula - shoulder drop

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18
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

broad, flat muscle
covers inferior half of back (T6 to iliac crest)
Acts on shoulder joint

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19
Q

Latissimus dorsi origin

A

spinous proccess of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae
thoracolumbar fascial
iliac crest and lower 3 or 4 ribs

20
Q

Latissimus dorsi insertion

A

humerus (intertubercular groove) - between teres major and pectoralis major

21
Q

Latissimus dorsi nerve supply

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8) from brachial plexus

22
Q

Latissimus dorsi blood supply

A

Thoracodorsal artery

23
Q

Latissimus dorsi action

A

pulls arm posteriorly and rotates medially

adducts, extends, and medially rotates humerus at shoulder joint

24
Q

Nerve injury to Latissimus dorsi causes

A

inability to raise trunk with upper limbs during climbing

25
Q

Triangle of ausculation

A

small triangular gap between muscles at inferior angle of scapula
bounded by trapezius, latissimus dorsi, and medial border of scapula
respiratory sounds here are less muffled - good place to listen

26
Q

Levator scapulae

A

strap muscle located in neck and upper throax

lies deep to SCM and trapezius muscle

27
Q

Levator scapulae origin

A

transverse processes of first 3 or 4 cervical vertebrae

28
Q

Levator scapulae insertion

A

superior angle of scapula on upper medial border

29
Q

Levator scapulae blood supply

A

Dorsal scapular artery (branch of axillary a) or deep branch of transverse cervical a.

30
Q

Levator scapulae nerve supply

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) and 3rd or 4th cervical nerves

31
Q

Levator scapulae action

A

Elevates scapula

Rotates scapula to move glenoid cavity and shoulder joint inferiorly

32
Q

Rhomboid major and minor origin

A

spines of lower cervical (C7) and upper thoracic (T1-T5) vertebrae

33
Q

Rhomboid major and minor insertion

A

medial border of scapula

34
Q

Rhomboid major and minor blood supply

A

dorsal scapular artery

35
Q

Rhomboid major and minor nerve supply

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (ventral ramus of C5) and some fibers from C4

36
Q

Rhomboid major and minor action

A

Adduct scapula

Rotate scapula so glenoid cavity moves inferiorly

37
Q

Nerve injury to Rhomboid major and minor cause

A

inability to adduct scapula

38
Q

Serratus posterior superior

A

lies deep to rhomboid muscles

39
Q

Serratus posterior superior origin

A

Ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7-T3 vertebrae

40
Q

Serratus posterior superior insertion

A

2nd to 4th ribs

41
Q

Serratus posterior superior nerve

A

first 3 thoracic spinal nerves (T1-T3)

42
Q

Serratus posterior superior action

A

elevates ribs (aids in respiration)

43
Q

Serratus posterior inferior origin

A

T11 to L2 vertebral spines

44
Q

Serratus posterior inferior insertion

A

lower 4 ribs

45
Q

Serratus posterior inferior nerves

A

Last 4 thoracic spinal nerves (T8-T12)

46
Q

Serratus posterior inferior action

A

aids in respiration by holding ribs steady when diaphragm moves up

Anatomy (20 decks)

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