Heart Flashcards
Fibrous pericardium
anchors heart in thoracic cavity, fused to central tendon of diaphragm
Phrenic n. and pericardiacophrenic a. and v. travel inside
Serous pericardium
fused to fibrous pericardium
on wall = parietal
on heart & great vessels = visceral or epicardium
Oblique sinus
lower line of reflection between pericardium - under pul. veins and heart
Transverse sinus
upper space under aorta and pulmonary ar.
Separates inflow from outflow
Apex
Left ventricle
located at left 5th intercostal space on midclavicular line
Right border
Right 3rd costal cartilage to right 6th costal cartilage
Right atrium, SVC & IVC along this border
Inferior border
Right 6th costal cartilage to left 5th intercostal space
Right ventricle and apex of left ventricle
Left border
Left 5th intercostal space to left 2nd costal cartilage
Left ventricle and left auricle
Superior border
Left 2nd costal cartilage to right 3rd costal cartilage
Right and left auricles, conus arteriosus
Coronary Sulcus (Atrioventricular groove)
in front of heart (crown), right side to around tobe and back
Coronary a. sits here
Anterior interventricular groove
between 2 ventricles on front of heart
Posterior interventricular groove
on back, diaphragmatic surface between ventricles
Sinus venarum
smooth muscle surface of RA, come from blood vessel - posterior wall
Pectinate muscles
rough anterior wall of RA
comes from baby heart - wall of RA and in R & L auricles
Interatrial septum
thick up high, thin lower because of Fossa Ovalis (only on right side)
Opening to Cornonary Sinus
In RA
RA blood in and out
In: SVC, INC and coronary sinus
Out: to RV through AV tricuspid valve
Crista terminalis
ridge that separates rough and smooth muscles
Tricuspid valve contains
anterior, posterior, and septal cusps
Chordae Tendinae
ligaments attached to AV valve cuspse
anchored by Papillary muscle
Papillary muscle
anchors chordae tendinae of AV valve
Trabeculae carneae
rough walls of ventricles
Papillary muscles come off of
Muscular IV septum
thick lower in ventricle
Membranous IV septum
thinner upper
Conus Arteriosus
Outflow of heart in RV, like funnel to pulmonary a.
from Bulbous cordis
Right ventricle blood in and out
In: from RA
Out: pulmonary arteries
Semilunar valves
in Pulmonary arteries and aorta
Moderator band
off of IV septum in RV, goes to papillary muscle
conducts impusle
Pulmonary artery semilunar valves
Anterior, right and left
Aorta semilunar valves
Posterior, right, and left
Left atrium blood in and out
In: 4 pulmonary veins
Out: AV valve - Mitral / bicuspid
Left ventricle blood in and out
In: AV valve from LA
Out: Aorta
Aortic vestibule
outflow part of LV
from Bulbous cordis
Diastole
ventricles are relaxing and filling
AV valves open, semilunar closed
Systole
Semilunar open, AV closed
high blood pressure, push blood out of heart
Fibrocartilagenous tissue
surrounds valves, divides atria from ventricles, provides barrier between atrial and ventricles for conductive system, provides attachment for heart valves and myocardium
Tendon of conus arteriosus
aortic ring attached to pulmonic ring
Left fibrous trigone
attaches mitral valve to aortic semilunar valves
Right fibrous trigone
attaches atrioventricular valves to aortic semilunar vlaves
Valves to coronary arteries sit
in aortic semilunar valves, just above L & R cusps
Right Coronary a.
longer of 2 arteries
branches into Nodal a., Marginal a., and Posterior interventricular a.
Nodal artery
branch of right coronary a.
supplies SA node
Right marginal a.
to apex, branch of R. coronary artery
Posterior interventricular a.
sits in posterior interventricular groove
branch of right coronary a.
Left coronary a.
branches right away into Circumflex and anterior interventricular (LAD) branches
Circumflex a.
wraps around coronary sulcus toward r. coronary a.
Left anterior descending a. (anterior interventricular)
in anterior interventricular groove, toward apex
Coronary sinus
main vein, drains into right atrium
Great cardiac vein
in front, in anterior interventricular groove with LAD
Middle cardiac vein
in back, posterior interventricular groove
Small cardiac vein
off side, runs with marginal a. on front
Anterior cardiac veins
cross right coronary a., only veins that drain directly into RA, not coronary sinus
Sinuatrial node
initiates impulse for contraction
junction of SVC and right atrium
Atrioventricular node
in posteroinferior region of interatrial septum near coronary sinus
collects impulses from atria and distributes to ventricles through the AV bundle of His
Cardiac plexus
sympathetics and parasympathetics (vagus)
Sympathetic chain T1-T5
Aortic semilunar valve
right 2nd intercostal space
Pulmonary semilunar valve
left 2nd intercostal space
tricuspid valve
lower left body of sternum
Mitral valve
left 5th intercostal space
