upper limb Flashcards
What are the 5 bones of the upper limb (excluding hand bones)?
- Clavicle
- scapula
- humerus
- radius
- Ulna
What are the three groups of bones in the hands?
- carpals
- metacarpals
- Phalanges
What are the two joints in the pectoral girdle?
Acroclavicle joint
Gelohumeral joint
What two bones meet in the acroclavicle joint?
acromion
Clavicle
What two bones meet in the glenohumeral joint?
humerus
scapula
Where is the sternoclaviclar joint?
Where the clavicle meets the sternum
Where is the scapulothoracic joint?
Between the scapula and the chest wall
is the scapulothoracic joint a true joint?
no
Where is the glenoid cavity? what does it house?
on the lateral side of the shoulder blade
the head of the humerus
What are the 11 movements of the shoulder joint?
Flexion: Raising the upper arm in front of the body
Extension: Moving the upper arm behind the body
Abduction: Moving the arms from the sides of the body outward and up until your arms are parallel to the floor
Adduction: Moving your arms from a position parallel to the floor to your sides
Internal rotation: Inward rotation of the arm toward the body
External rotation: Outward rotation of the arm away from the body
Horizontal abduction: Movement of the upper arm in the horizontal plane
Circumduction: A movement of the shoulder
Scapular elevation: A movement of the shoulder
Scapular depression: A movement of the shoulder
Scapular retraction: A movement of the shoulder
Scapular protraction
From the posterior view, what are the 3 main stabilising muscles of the shoulder joint?
- rhomboids
- trapezius
- Levator Scapulae
From the anterior view, what are the two main stabilising muscles of the shoulder joint?
serratus anterior
pectoralis minor
Where does the rhomboid minor muscle originate and instert?
originates C7 to T1
inserts at the vertebral border of the scapula, above the scapula spine
Where does the rhomboid major originate and insert?
Originates T2 to T5
inserts at the vertebral border of the scapula, below its spine
what actions do the rhomboids perform?
adducts the scapula and slightly rotates it downwards
Where does the trapezius originate? (3)
from the occipital bone, C7 and all of the Thoracic vertebrae
Where does the trapezius insert? (3)
the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
The trapezius helps abduction by ________ the __________
rotating
scapula
The upper fibres in the trapezius __________ the _________. This is essential when carrying heavy loads.
elevate
scapula
The middle fibres in the trapezius ___________ the ___________. This is useful when combing hair or reaching for a seatbelt.
retract
scapula
The lower fibres in the trapezius __________ the _________. this is needed for pulling down.
depress
scapula
What does the levator scapulae do?
elevates the scapula
slightly rotates the scapula downwards
Where does the seratis anterior originate?
upper 8 or 9 ribs
Where does the seratus anterior insert?
the medial border of the scapula