Upper Extremity Osteology

Question 1

Features on sternal end of clavicle

Answer 1

Sternal facet for articulation with manubrium

Impression for costoclavicular ligament

Question 2

Features on body/shaft of clavicle

Answer 2

Subclavian groove for subclavius muscle attachment

Question 3

Features on acromial end of clavicle

Answer 3

Acromial facet for articulation with acromion of scapula
Conoid tubercle for attachment of conoid ligament
Trapezoid line for attachment of trapezoid ligament

Question 4

What is one of the most fractured bones in the body

Answer 4

Clavicle- fractures in younger children are often incomplete and referred to as a greenstick fracture

Question 5

Features on superior border of scapula

Answer 5

Suprascapular notch for suprascapular artery/nerve

Coracoid process- attachment point for numerous muscles/ligaments

Question 6

Supraglenoid and infraglenoid tubercles are for what

Answer 6

Supraglenoid is attachment for long head of biceps brachii

Infraglenoid is attachment for long head of triceps brachii

Question 7

Features of scapular spine

Answer 7

Acromion

Deltoid tubercle- for deltoid attachment

Question 8

Most common fracture site on humerus

Answer 8

At the surgical neck

Question 9

Greater humeral tubercle is attachment point for

Answer 9

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor

Question 10

Lesser humeral tubercle is attachment point for

Answer 10

Subscapularis muscle

Question 11

Intertubercular groove is attachment point for

Answer 11

Pectoralis major, teres major and latissimus dorsi

Also transmits the long head of biceps brachii tendon

Question 12

Features on body of humerus

Answer 12

Deltoid tuberosity for deltoid muscle

Groove for radial nerve- transmits radial nerve and deep brachial artery

Question 13

Lateral/medial humeral epicondyle are for

Answer 13

Lateral- attachment for extensors
Medial- attachment for flexors
-medial epicondyle contains groove for ulnar nerve (funny bone)

Question 14

What can result in avulsion of the medial humeral epicondyle

Answer 14

Severe abduction of extended elbow

Question 15

Capitulum articulates with

Answer 15

Radial head

Question 16

Ulnar tuberosity is attachment for

Answer 16

Brachialis muscle

Question 17

Redial tuberosity is attachment for

Answer 17

Biceps brachii tendon

Question 18

Which two carpal bones articulate with the radial articular surface

Answer 18

Lunate and scaphoid

Question 19

Function of the dorsal tubercle on the radius

Answer 19

Acts as a pully for extensor pollicus longus

Question 20

Colle’s fracture

Answer 20

Common fracture of the distal end of the radius from breaking falls

Question 21

Scaphoid fracture

Answer 21

Most commonly fractured carpal bone, often is not visible on a radiograph and misdiagnosed as a severe sprain.

Question 22

Carpal tunnel

Answer 22

Passage anterior to carpal bones and posterior to flexor retinaculum.
Transmits tendons of flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis muscles, as well as the flexor carpi radialis and the median nerve
If swelling of tendons occurs, median nerve can be compressed resulting in carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 23

Ulnar canal/Guyon tunnel

Answer 23

Depression between pisiform and hamate.

Ulnar nerve passes through this canal and is susceptible to compression

Question 24

Boxers fracture

Answer 24

Head of 5th metacarpal is susceptible to fracture when punching something with closed fist

Question 25

Glenoid labrum tear

Answer 25

Common in individuals repeatedly throwing a ball, usually in response to a sudden contraction of the biceps brachii and occurs in the anterosuperior part of the labrum