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COM MSK > Upper Extremity Arthrology > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

Sternoclavicular joint type

A

Sellar synovial joint

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2
Q

Ligaments of sternoclavicular joint

A

Costoclavicular ligament- from sternal end of clavicle to first rib
Anterior/posterior sternoclavicular ligaments
Interclavicular ligament- clavicle to clavicle

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3
Q

Acromioclavicular joint type

A

Planar synovial joint

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4
Q

Ligaments of acromioclavicular joint

A

Acromioclavicular ligament
Coracoclavicular ligament- two bands
–Trapezoid ligament- horizontal band of CC ligament
–Conoid ligament- vertical band of CC ligament, medial to trapezoid ligament

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5
Q

Shoulder separation

A

Refers to separation of the AC joint, can separate with or without rupture of coracoclavicular ligament

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6
Q

Glenohumeral joint type

A

Spheroidal synovial joint

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7
Q

Subscapular bursa

A

Part of glenohumeral joint, between subscapularis tendon and scapular neck
Communicates with synovial membrane

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8
Q

Subacromial bursa

A

Part of glenohumeral joint, between deltoid muscle, supraspinatus tendon and articular capsule
Does not communicate with synovial membrane

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9
Q

Ligaments of the glenohumeral joint

A

Glenohumeral ligament- from supraglenoid tubercle to anatomical humeral neck
Coracohumeral ligament- from base of coracoid process to anterior edge of greater tubercle of humerus
Transverse humeral ligament- spans intertubercular groove b/w greater/lesser tubercles of humerus, encapsulates long head of biceps brachii
Coracoacromial arch- prevents superior displacement of humerus from glenoid cavity
–Coracoacromial ligament

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10
Q

Dislocation of the glenohumeral joint

A

Usually occurs anteriorly or inferiorly due to the presence of the coracoacromial arch

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11
Q

Elbow joint type

A

Ginglymus synovial joint

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12
Q

Humeroulnar joint ligaments

A

Ulnar collateral ligament- from medial humeral epicondyle to coronoid process, consists of 3 bands

  • Anterior band- strongest
  • Posterior band- weakest
  • Oblique band
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13
Q

Humeroradial joint ligaments

A

Radial collateral ligament from lateral humeral epicondyle to blend with annular ligament of radial head

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14
Q

Elbow dislocation

A

Can occur posteriorly, usually involves tear in ulnar collateral ligament

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15
Q

Subtendinous olecranon bursa and bicipitoradial bursa

A

Two of the more common elbow bursae to become inflamed

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16
Q

Subcutaneous olecranon bursitis

A

Sometimes called students elbow, dart throwers elbow and miners elbow
Results from excessive friction b/w the skin and the olecranon

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17
Q

Proximal radioulnar joint type

A

Trochoid synovial joint- primary site of supination/pronation

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18
Q

Sacciform recess

A

Small pocket of synovial membrane protruding out from under annular ligament

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19
Q

Annular ligament description and nursemaids/pulling elbow

A

From coronoid process of the ulna around the radial head to insert back on the ulna, holding radial head in radial notch
-Nursemaids elbow/pulled elbow is when the radial head is dislocated out of the annular ligament, typically from pulling on arm of child

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20
Q

Middle radioulnar joint type

A

Syndesmosis

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21
Q

Radiocarpal (wrist) joint type

A

Condylar synovial joint

22
Q

Ligaments of the radiocarpal joint

A

Palmar radiocarpal- 2 bands- from radius to lunate and radius to capitate
Dorsal radiocarpal- radius to triquetrum
Palmar ulnocarpal- two bands- from ulna to lunate and ulna to triquetrum
Dorsal ulnocarpal- from ulna to triquetrum
Radial collateral of wrist- from radial styloid process to scaphoid
Ulnar collateral of wrist- from ulnar styloid to triquetrum

23
Q

Intercarpal joints type

A

Planar synovial joints

24
Q

Ligaments of intercarpal joints

A

Anterior/posterior intercarpal ligaments
Interosseous intercarpal ligaments
Pisohamate ligament- b/w pisiform and hook of hamate

25
Q

Midcarpal joint type

A

Sellar synovial

26
Q

1st Carpometacarpal joint type and ligaments

A

Sellar synovial

Palmar/dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments

27
Q

2-5 carpometacarpal joint type and ligaments

A

Planar synovial
Palmar/dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments
Pisometacarpal ligament- 5th metacarpal association
Radiate carpal ligament- from capitate to bases of metacarpal bones

28
Q

Intermetacarpal joint type and ligaments

A

4 Planar synovial joints
Dorsal/palmar intermetacarpal ligaments
Interosseous intermetacarpal ligament

29
Q

Metacarpophalangeal joint type

A

Condylar synovial

30
Q

Ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joint

A

Palmar- attachment point for part of collateral ligament, provides groove for flexor tendons with digital sheeth
Medial collateral- inserts onto palmar ligament
Lateral collateral- inserts onto palmar ligament
Deep transverse metacarpal- joins palmar ligaments of the medial four metacarpophalangeal joints

31
Q

Bull riders thumb

A

Sprain of the lateral collateral ligament and possible avulsion of the lateral part of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

32
Q

Skiers thumb or game keepers thumb

A

Laxity or rupture of both collateral ligaments of the first metacarpophalangeal joints results in hyperabduction of the joint

33
Q

Interphalangeal joints description

A

Ginglymus synovial joints
All contain palmar ligament, medial and lateral collateral ligaments- same description as those in the metacarpophalangeal joints

34
Q

Mallet finger or baseball finger

A

Sudden hyperflexion of the distal interphalangeal joint can avulse the attachment of the long extensor tendon with that tendon away from the distal phalanx

35
Q

Pectoral fascia invests what, is continuous with what

A

Pectoralis major

Continuous with deltoid fascia superiorly, axillary fascia laterally and abdominal deep fascia inferiorly

36
Q

Axillary fascia

A

Floor of axilla

Continuous medially with pectoral fascia, inferiorly with clavipectoral fascia

37
Q

Clavipectoral fascia invests

A

Invests subclavius and pectoralis minor

Suspensory ligament of axilla

38
Q

Deltoid fascia covers what, continuous with what

A

Covers deltoid muscle

Continuous with pectoral fascia anteriorly and infraspinous fascia posteriorly

39
Q

Brachial fascia continuous with what

A

Continuous superiorly with pectoral, deltoid, infraspinous and axillary fascia
Inferiorly with antebrachial fascia

40
Q

Medial intermuscular septum

A

Separates the brachium into anterior and posterior compartments in conjunction with the lateral intermuscular septum

41
Q

Antebrachial fascia

A

Divides antebrachium into anterior and posterior compartments
Continues superiorly with brachial fascia

42
Q

Extensor retinaculum

A

Thickening of antebrachial fascia, holds extensor tendons in place

43
Q

Synovial/ganglion cysts

A

Irritation of the synovial sheaths can cause accumulation of mucopolysaccharide fluid that can form a painless lump

44
Q

Palmar carpal ligament continuous with

A

Extensor retinaculum

45
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

Transverse carpal ligament
From scaphoid/trapezium to hook of hamate and pisiform
Forms carpal tunnel

46
Q

Palmar aponeurosis features

A

Superficial transverse metacarpal ligament- base of PA
Retinacula cutis- restricts palmar skin movement
Medial fibrous septum- separates hypothenar from central compartment
Lateral fibrous septum- separates thenar from central compartment

47
Q

Dupuytren contracture

A

Disease resulting in the shortening, thickening and fibrosis of the palmar aponeurosis and palmar fascia, which results in a partial flexion of the 4th and 5th digits

48
Q

Fibrous digital sheaths

A

Enclose the synovial sheaths of the long flexor tendons in the hand

49
Q

Central compartment

A

Contains flexor tendons, lumbrical muscles, superficial palmar arterial arch, digital vessels and nerves

50
Q

Adductor compartment

A

Contains adductor pollicus

COM MSK (35 decks)

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