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Upper Extremity Myology Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoralis major OIN

A

O: Medial half of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage 1-6
I: Lateral intertubercular groove humerus
N: Medial/lateral pectoral nerve

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2
Q

Pectoralis major action

A

Adduct and medially rotate humerus, protract and depress scapula
Clavicular head flexes arm, sternal head extends flexed arm

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3
Q

Pectoralis minor OIN

A

O: Medial aspect ribs 3-5
I: Coracoid process
N: medial pectoral nerve

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4
Q

Pectoralis minor action

A

Stabilize scapula by protracting and depressing it against thoracic wall

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5
Q

Subclavius OIN

A

O: 1st rib and costal cartilage
I: Inferior aspect of clavicle
N: Nerve to the subclavius C5/6

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6
Q

Subclavius action

A

Positions and depresses clavicle

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7
Q

Serratus anterior OIN

A

O: Lateral surface ribs 1-8
I: Anterior surface medial border of scapula
N: Long thoracic nerve

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8
Q

Serratus anterior action

A

Protracts scapula, rotates glenoid cavity superiorly

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9
Q

What happens when there is paralysis of the serratus anterior

A

Winging of the scapula

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10
Q

Deltoid OIN

A

O: lateral 1/3 clavicle, scapular spine, acromion
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N: Axillary nerve

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11
Q

Deltoid action

A

Anterior portion: flex/medially rotate humerus
Middle part: Abduct humerus
Posterior part: Extend/laterally rotate humerus

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12
Q

Subscapularis OIN

A

O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus
N: Upper/lower subscapular nerve

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13
Q

Subscapularis action

A

Medially rotate and adduct humerus

Hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

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14
Q

Supraspinatus OIN

A

O: supraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle
N: Suprascapular nerve

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15
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

Abduct humerus, hold humeral head in place

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16
Q

Infraspinatus OIN

A

O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve

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17
Q

Teres minor OIN

A

O: Middle portion of lateral border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle humerus
N: Axillary nerve

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18
Q

Teres minor action

A

Laterally rotate humerus, hold humeral head in place

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19
Q

Teres major OIN

A

O: Inferior angle scapula
I: Medial edge of intertubercular groove
N: Lower subscapular nerve

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20
Q

Teres major action

A

Adduct and medially rotate humerus

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21
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatous- most commonly injured
Infraspinatous
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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22
Q

Biceps brachii OIN

A

O: Long head- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head- coracoid process
I: Radial tuberosity and antebrachial fascia as bicipital aponeurosis
N: Musculocutaneous nerve

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23
Q

Biceps tendonitis/crepitus

A

Repetitive movement of the long head of the biceps through the intertubercular groove can cause inflammation and even a crackling sound

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24
Q

Popeye deformity

A

Separation of long head of biceps from supraglenoid tubercle, muscle balls up in the middle

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25
Coracobrachialis OIN
O: coracoid process I: Medial aspect of humeral body N: musculocutaneous nerve
26
Coracobrachialis action
Flex and adduct humerus
27
Brachialis OIN
O: Distal half of anterior humerus I: Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process N: Musculocutaneous nerve
28
Brachialis action
Flexes forearm
29
Triceps brachii OIN
``` O: Long head- infraglenoid tubercle Lateral head- posterior humeral body, superior to radial groove Medial head- inferior to radial groove I: Olecranon of ulna N: Radial nerve ```
30
Triceps brachii function
Extend forearm, long head resists dislocation of shoulder
31
Anconeus OIN
O: Lateral humeral epicondyle I: Lateral aspect of olecranon N: Radial nerve
32
Triangular space borders and contents
Teres major, teres minor, long head of triceps | Circumflex scapular artery and vein
33
Quadrangular space borders and contents
Teres minor/major, Long/lateral heads of triceps | Posterior humeral circumflex artery/vein, axillary nerve
34
Triangular interval borders and contents
Teres major, long/lateral heads of triceps | Deep brachial artery/vein, radial nerve
35
Pronator teres OIN
O: Humeral head- medial humeral epicondyle Ulnar head- coronoid process of ulna I: Lateral aspect of radius N: median nerve
36
Pronator teres action
Pronate and flex forearm
37
Flexor carpi radialis OIN
O: medial epicondyle I: Ventral aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal N: Median nerve
38
Flexor carpi radialis action
Flex forearm, flex and abduct hand at wrist
39
Palmaris longus OIN
O: medial epicondyle I: palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum N: median nerve
40
Palmaris longus action
Flex forearm, flex hand and tense palmar aponeurosis
41
Flexor carpi ulnaris OIN
O: Humeral head- medial epicondyle Ulnar head- olecranon I: pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal N: Ulnar nerve
42
Flexor digitorum superficialis OIN
O: medial epicondyle, coronoid, superior half of radius I: Bifed insertion on intermediate phalanges of 2-5 N: Median nerve
43
Flexor digitorum superficialis action
Flex forearm, flex hand at wrist, flex proximal/intermediate phalanges of 2-5
44
Flexor digitorum profundus OIN
O: proximal ulna/interosseous membrane I: Bases of distal phalanges of 2-5 N: Lateral part- anterior interosseous N from median N Medial part- ulnar nerve
45
Flexor digitorum profundus action
Flex hand at wrist, flex all phalanges of 2-5
46
Flexor pollicus longus OIN
O: Anterior aspect of radius I: base of distal phalanx of thumb N: Lateral part- anterior interosseous N from median N Medial part- ulnar nerve
47
Flexor pollicus longus action
Flex hand, flex and abduct 1st metacarpal, flex both phalanges of thumb
48
Pronator quadratus OIN
O: Anterior distal ulna I: Anterior distal radius N: anterior interosseous from median N
49
Pronator quadratus action
Pronate forearm
50
Brachioradialis OIN
O: lateral humeral supracondylar ridge I: Lateral distal radius N: radial nerve
51
Brachioradialis action
Flex forearm, most force when forearm is midpronated
52
Extensor carpi radialis longus OIN
O: lateral humeral supracondylar ridge I: Dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal N: radial nerve
53
Extensor carpi radialis longus action
Extend and abduct hand at wrist
54
Extensor carpi radialis brevis OIN
O: lateral humeral epicondyle I: base of 3rd metacarpal N: Deep radial nerve
55
Extensor digitorum OIN
O: lateral humeral epicondyle I: extensor expansion of 2-5 N: posterior interosseous
56
Extensor digitorum action
Extend hand at wrist, extend all phalanges of 2-5
57
Extensor digiti minimi OIN
O: lateral humeral epicondyle I: Extensor expansion of 5 N: posterior interosseous
58
Extensor digit minimi action
Extend all phalanges of digit 5
59
Extensor carpi ulnaris OIN
O: Lateral epicondyle I: Base of 5th metacarpal N: posterior interosseous
60
Extensor carpi ulnaris action
Extend/adduct hand at wrist
61
Elbow tendonitis and lateral epicondylitis
Elbow tendonitis/tennis elbow- repetitive use of superficial extensor muscles of forearm can cause this Lateral epicondylitis- repeated flexion and extension of the wrist strains periosteum of lateral humeral epicondyle
62
Supinator OIN
O: Lateral epicondyle and some ligaments I: Proximal aspect of radial body N: Deep radial nerve
63
Supinator action
Supinates forearm
64
Extensor indicis OIN
O: Posterior aspect of distal ulna I: Extensor expansion of digit 2 N: posterior interosseous nerve
65
Extensor indicis action
Extend hand at wrist, extend 2nd digit
66
Abductor pollicus longus OIN
O: posterior aspect of proximal ulna/radius I: base of 1st metacarpal N: posterior interosseous
67
Abductor pollicus longus action
Abduct hand at wrist, abduct thumb
68
Extensor pollicis longus OIN
O: posterior ulna I: base of distal phalanx of thumb N: posterior interosseous
69
Extensor pollicis longus action
Abduct hand at wrist, extend 1st metacarpal and all phalanges of thumb
70
Extensor pollicis brevis OIN
O: posterior radius I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: posterior interosseous
71
Extensor pollicis brevis action
Abduct hand, extend 1st metacarpal and proximal phalanges of thumb
72
Anatomical snuff box borders and contents
Lateral/anterior: abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis Medial/posterior: extensor pollicis longus Radial artery, superficial radial nerve
73
Abductor pollicis brevis OIN
O: Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum I: Lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: recurrent median N
74
Opponens pollicis OIN
O: tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum I: lateral aspect of 1st metacarpal N: recurrent median N
75
Opponens pollicis action, and what could cause the action to be lost
Oppose thumb Even a superficial injury of the palm can damage the recurrent branch of the median nerve and cause loss of ability to opose thumb
76
Flexor pollicis brevis OIN
O: tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum I: lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: superficial head- recurrent median Deep head- deep ulnar nerve
77
Adductor pollicis OIN
O: Capitate, base of 2nd/3rd metacarpal I: medial aspect of proximal phalanx of thumb N: deep ulnar nerve
78
Adductor pollicis action
Adduct thumb
79
Abductor digiti minimi OIN
O: pisiform I: medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx 5 N: deep ulnar nerve
80
Abductor digit minimi action
Abducts 5th digit
81
Flexor digiti minimi brevis OIN
O: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum I: medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx 5 N: deep ulnar nerve
82
Flexor digiti minimi brevis action
Flex proximal phalanx of 5th digit
83
Opponens digiti minimi OIN
O: hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum I: medial aspect of 5th metacarpal N: deep ulnar nerve
84
1st and 2nd lumbrical OIN
O: lateral side of lateral two flexor digitorum profundus tendons as unipennate muscles I: radial aspect of extensor expansion of 2nd/3rd digits N: Median nerve
85
1st and 2nd lumbrical action
Flex proximal phalanges 2/3, extend intermediate/distal phalanges of 2/3 by tightening extensor expansion
86
3rd and 4th lumbrical OIN
O: between medial three flexor digitorum profundus tendons as bipennate muscles I: radial aspect of extensor expansion of 4th/5th digits N: deep ulnar nerve
87
3rd 4th lumbrical action
Flex proximal phalanges 4/5, extend intermediate and distal phalanges 4/5 by tightening extensor expansion
88
Dorsal interossei 1-4 (DAB) OIN
O: adjacent sides of two metacarpals as bipennate muscle I: bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansion of 2-4 N: deep ulnar nerve
89
Dorsal interossei action
Abduct digits 2-4, flex proximal phalanges, extend intermediate/distal phalanges
90
Palmar interossei (PAD) OIN
O: palmar aspect of 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals I: bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansion of 2nd, 4th and 5th digits N: deep ulnar nerve
91
Palmar interossei action
Adduct the 2/4/5 digits, flex proximal phalanges and extend intermediate/distal phalanges of 2/4/5
92
Dorsal interossei action
Abduct digits 2-4, flex proximal phalanges, extend intermediate/distal phalanges
93
Palmar interossei (PAD) OIN
O: palmar aspect of 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals I: bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansion of 2nd, 4th and 5th digits N: deep ulnar nerve
94
Palmar interossei action
Adduct the 2/4/5 digits, flex proximal phalanges and extend intermediate/distal phalanges of 2/4/5

COM MSK (35 decks)

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