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COM MSK > Upper Extremity Myology > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Myology Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoralis major OIN

A

O: Medial half of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage 1-6
I: Lateral intertubercular groove humerus
N: Medial/lateral pectoral nerve

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2
Q

Pectoralis major action

A

Adduct and medially rotate humerus, protract and depress scapula
Clavicular head flexes arm, sternal head extends flexed arm

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3
Q

Pectoralis minor OIN

A

O: Medial aspect ribs 3-5
I: Coracoid process
N: medial pectoral nerve

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4
Q

Pectoralis minor action

A

Stabilize scapula by protracting and depressing it against thoracic wall

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5
Q

Subclavius OIN

A

O: 1st rib and costal cartilage
I: Inferior aspect of clavicle
N: Nerve to the subclavius C5/6

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6
Q

Subclavius action

A

Positions and depresses clavicle

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7
Q

Serratus anterior OIN

A

O: Lateral surface ribs 1-8
I: Anterior surface medial border of scapula
N: Long thoracic nerve

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8
Q

Serratus anterior action

A

Protracts scapula, rotates glenoid cavity superiorly

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9
Q

What happens when there is paralysis of the serratus anterior

A

Winging of the scapula

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10
Q

Deltoid OIN

A

O: lateral 1/3 clavicle, scapular spine, acromion
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N: Axillary nerve

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11
Q

Deltoid action

A

Anterior portion: flex/medially rotate humerus
Middle part: Abduct humerus
Posterior part: Extend/laterally rotate humerus

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12
Q

Subscapularis OIN

A

O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus
N: Upper/lower subscapular nerve

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13
Q

Subscapularis action

A

Medially rotate and adduct humerus

Hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

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14
Q

Supraspinatus OIN

A

O: supraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle
N: Suprascapular nerve

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15
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

Abduct humerus, hold humeral head in place

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16
Q

Infraspinatus OIN

A

O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve

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17
Q

Teres minor OIN

A

O: Middle portion of lateral border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle humerus
N: Axillary nerve

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18
Q

Teres minor action

A

Laterally rotate humerus, hold humeral head in place

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19
Q

Teres major OIN

A

O: Inferior angle scapula
I: Medial edge of intertubercular groove
N: Lower subscapular nerve

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20
Q

Teres major action

A

Adduct and medially rotate humerus

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21
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatous- most commonly injured
Infraspinatous
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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22
Q

Biceps brachii OIN

A

O: Long head- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head- coracoid process
I: Radial tuberosity and antebrachial fascia as bicipital aponeurosis
N: Musculocutaneous nerve

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23
Q

Biceps tendonitis/crepitus

A

Repetitive movement of the long head of the biceps through the intertubercular groove can cause inflammation and even a crackling sound

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24
Q

Popeye deformity

A

Separation of long head of biceps from supraglenoid tubercle, muscle balls up in the middle

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25
Q

Coracobrachialis OIN

A

O: coracoid process
I: Medial aspect of humeral body
N: musculocutaneous nerve

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26
Q

Coracobrachialis action

A

Flex and adduct humerus

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27
Q

Brachialis OIN

A

O: Distal half of anterior humerus
I: Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process
N: Musculocutaneous nerve

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28
Q

Brachialis action

A

Flexes forearm

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29
Q

Triceps brachii OIN

A 
O: Long head- infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral head- posterior humeral body, superior to radial groove
Medial head- inferior to radial groove
I: Olecranon of ulna
N: Radial nerve
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30
Q

Triceps brachii function

A

Extend forearm, long head resists dislocation of shoulder

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31
Q

Anconeus OIN

A

O: Lateral humeral epicondyle
I: Lateral aspect of olecranon
N: Radial nerve

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32
Q

Triangular space borders and contents

A

Teres major, teres minor, long head of triceps

Circumflex scapular artery and vein

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33
Q

Quadrangular space borders and contents

A

Teres minor/major, Long/lateral heads of triceps

Posterior humeral circumflex artery/vein, axillary nerve

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34
Q

Triangular interval borders and contents

A

Teres major, long/lateral heads of triceps

Deep brachial artery/vein, radial nerve

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35
Q

Pronator teres OIN

A

O: Humeral head- medial humeral epicondyle
Ulnar head- coronoid process of ulna
I: Lateral aspect of radius
N: median nerve

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36
Q

Pronator teres action

A

Pronate and flex forearm

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37
Q

Flexor carpi radialis OIN

A

O: medial epicondyle
I: Ventral aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
N: Median nerve

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38
Q

Flexor carpi radialis action

A

Flex forearm, flex and abduct hand at wrist

39
Q

Palmaris longus OIN

A

O: medial epicondyle
I: palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum
N: median nerve

40
Q

Palmaris longus action

A

Flex forearm, flex hand and tense palmar aponeurosis

41
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris OIN

A

O: Humeral head- medial epicondyle
Ulnar head- olecranon
I: pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal
N: Ulnar nerve

42
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis OIN

A

O: medial epicondyle, coronoid, superior half of radius
I: Bifed insertion on intermediate phalanges of 2-5
N: Median nerve

43
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

Flex forearm, flex hand at wrist, flex proximal/intermediate phalanges of 2-5

44
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus OIN

A

O: proximal ulna/interosseous membrane
I: Bases of distal phalanges of 2-5
N: Lateral part- anterior interosseous N from median N
Medial part- ulnar nerve

45
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus action

A

Flex hand at wrist, flex all phalanges of 2-5

46
Q

Flexor pollicus longus OIN

A

O: Anterior aspect of radius
I: base of distal phalanx of thumb
N: Lateral part- anterior interosseous N from median N
Medial part- ulnar nerve

47
Q

Flexor pollicus longus action

A

Flex hand, flex and abduct 1st metacarpal, flex both phalanges of thumb

48
Q

Pronator quadratus OIN

A

O: Anterior distal ulna
I: Anterior distal radius
N: anterior interosseous from median N

49
Q

Pronator quadratus action

A

Pronate forearm

50
Q

Brachioradialis OIN

A

O: lateral humeral supracondylar ridge
I: Lateral distal radius
N: radial nerve

51
Q

Brachioradialis action

A

Flex forearm, most force when forearm is midpronated

52
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus OIN

A

O: lateral humeral supracondylar ridge
I: Dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
N: radial nerve

53
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

Extend and abduct hand at wrist

54
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis OIN

A

O: lateral humeral epicondyle
I: base of 3rd metacarpal
N: Deep radial nerve

55
Q

Extensor digitorum OIN

A

O: lateral humeral epicondyle
I: extensor expansion of 2-5
N: posterior interosseous

56
Q

Extensor digitorum action

A

Extend hand at wrist, extend all phalanges of 2-5

57
Q

Extensor digiti minimi OIN

A

O: lateral humeral epicondyle
I: Extensor expansion of 5
N: posterior interosseous

58
Q

Extensor digit minimi action

A

Extend all phalanges of digit 5

59
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris OIN

A

O: Lateral epicondyle
I: Base of 5th metacarpal
N: posterior interosseous

60
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

Extend/adduct hand at wrist

61
Q

Elbow tendonitis and lateral epicondylitis

A

Elbow tendonitis/tennis elbow- repetitive use of superficial extensor muscles of forearm can cause this
Lateral epicondylitis- repeated flexion and extension of the wrist strains periosteum of lateral humeral epicondyle

62
Q

Supinator OIN

A

O: Lateral epicondyle and some ligaments
I: Proximal aspect of radial body
N: Deep radial nerve

63
Q

Supinator action

A

Supinates forearm

64
Q

Extensor indicis OIN

A

O: Posterior aspect of distal ulna
I: Extensor expansion of digit 2
N: posterior interosseous nerve

65
Q

Extensor indicis action

A

Extend hand at wrist, extend 2nd digit

66
Q

Abductor pollicus longus OIN

A

O: posterior aspect of proximal ulna/radius
I: base of 1st metacarpal
N: posterior interosseous

67
Q

Abductor pollicus longus action

A

Abduct hand at wrist, abduct thumb

68
Q

Extensor pollicis longus OIN

A

O: posterior ulna
I: base of distal phalanx of thumb
N: posterior interosseous

69
Q

Extensor pollicis longus action

A

Abduct hand at wrist, extend 1st metacarpal and all phalanges of thumb

70
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis OIN

A

O: posterior radius
I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: posterior interosseous

71
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis action

A

Abduct hand, extend 1st metacarpal and proximal phalanges of thumb

72
Q

Anatomical snuff box borders and contents

A

Lateral/anterior: abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
Medial/posterior: extensor pollicis longus
Radial artery, superficial radial nerve

73
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis OIN

A

O: Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum
I: Lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: recurrent median N

74
Q

Opponens pollicis OIN

A

O: tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum
I: lateral aspect of 1st metacarpal
N: recurrent median N

75
Q

Opponens pollicis action, and what could cause the action to be lost

A

Oppose thumb
Even a superficial injury of the palm can damage the recurrent branch of the median nerve and cause loss of ability to opose thumb

76
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis OIN

A

O: tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum
I: lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: superficial head- recurrent median
Deep head- deep ulnar nerve

77
Q

Adductor pollicis OIN

A

O: Capitate, base of 2nd/3rd metacarpal
I: medial aspect of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: deep ulnar nerve

78
Q

Adductor pollicis action

A

Adduct thumb

79
Q

Abductor digiti minimi OIN

A

O: pisiform
I: medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx 5
N: deep ulnar nerve

80
Q

Abductor digit minimi action

A

Abducts 5th digit

81
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis OIN

A

O: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
I: medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx 5
N: deep ulnar nerve

82
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis action

A

Flex proximal phalanx of 5th digit

83
Q

Opponens digiti minimi OIN

A

O: hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum
I: medial aspect of 5th metacarpal
N: deep ulnar nerve

84
Q

1st and 2nd lumbrical OIN

A

O: lateral side of lateral two flexor digitorum profundus tendons as unipennate muscles
I: radial aspect of extensor expansion of 2nd/3rd digits
N: Median nerve

85
Q

1st and 2nd lumbrical action

A

Flex proximal phalanges 2/3, extend intermediate/distal phalanges of 2/3 by tightening extensor expansion

86
Q

3rd and 4th lumbrical OIN

A

O: between medial three flexor digitorum profundus tendons as bipennate muscles
I: radial aspect of extensor expansion of 4th/5th digits
N: deep ulnar nerve

87
Q

3rd 4th lumbrical action

A

Flex proximal phalanges 4/5, extend intermediate and distal phalanges 4/5 by tightening extensor expansion

88
Q

Dorsal interossei 1-4 (DAB) OIN

A

O: adjacent sides of two metacarpals as bipennate muscle
I: bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansion of 2-4
N: deep ulnar nerve

89
Q

Dorsal interossei action

A

Abduct digits 2-4, flex proximal phalanges, extend intermediate/distal phalanges

90
Q

Palmar interossei (PAD) OIN

A

O: palmar aspect of 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals
I: bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansion of 2nd, 4th and 5th digits
N: deep ulnar nerve

91
Q

Palmar interossei action

A

Adduct the 2/4/5 digits, flex proximal phalanges and extend intermediate/distal phalanges of 2/4/5

92
Q

Dorsal interossei action

A

Abduct digits 2-4, flex proximal phalanges, extend intermediate/distal phalanges

93
Q

Palmar interossei (PAD) OIN

A

O: palmar aspect of 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals
I: bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansion of 2nd, 4th and 5th digits
N: deep ulnar nerve

94
Q

Palmar interossei action

A

Adduct the 2/4/5 digits, flex proximal phalanges and extend intermediate/distal phalanges of 2/4/5

COM MSK (35 decks)

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