Tissue Architecture

Question 1

What is the main molecule in intermediate filaments

Answer 1

Lamin

Question 2

Function of intermediate filaments with nuclear lamina

Answer 2

Underlies and strengthens nuclear envelope

Question 3

Where can you frequently find intermediate filaments

Answer 3

Anchored to plasma membrane at cell-cell junctions

Question 4

What forms the mitotic spindle

Answer 4

Microtubules

Question 5

y-tubulin function

Answer 5

Microtubules grow at their plus ends from the y-tubulin ring complexes of the centrosome

Question 6

Taxol action

Answer 6

Binds and stabilizes microtubules

Question 7

Colchicine, colcemid action

Answer 7

Binds tubulin dimers and prevents polymerization

Question 8

Vinblastine, vincristine action

Answer 8

Binds tubulin dimers and prevents polymerization

Question 9

Microfilaments/actin are essential for

Answer 9

Cell movements- locomotion, phagocytosis, cell division

Question 10

Phalloidin function

Answer 10

Binds and stabilizes actin filaments

Question 11

Cytochalasin function

Answer 11

Caps actin filament plus ends, preventing polymerization there

Question 12

Latrunculin function

Answer 12

Binds actin monomers and prevents their polymerization

Question 13

Explain the synthesis of collagen

Answer 13

Synthesized as preprocollagen in rough ER and converted to procollagen in ER lumen
Hydroxylation of proline and lysine, glycosylation of selected hydroxylysine residues in ER lumen
Self assembly of tropocollagen, initiated by disulfide bond formation in the carboxy terminal region, triple helix formation in ER lumen and Golgi
Procollagen packed into secretory vesicles
Procollagen secreted and converted to collagen in extracellular space

Question 14

Condition due to mutation in collagen or collagen synthesis gene

Answer 14

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

Question 15

Adherens junction use what CAMs and cytoskeletal attachment and intracellular adaptors

Answer 15

Cadherins
Actin filaments
Catenins/vinculin

Question 16

Desmosomes use what CAMs and cytoskeletal attachments and intracellular adaptors

Answer 16

Desmosomal cadherins
Intermediate filaments
Plakoglobin or some type of plak

Question 17

Hemidesmosomes use what CAMs, cytoskeletal attachments and intracellular adaptors

Answer 17

Integrin
Intermediate filaments
Plectin/dystonin

Question 18

Tight junctions use what CAMs, cytoskeletal attachments and intracellular adaptors

Answer 18

Occludins/claudins/JAMs
Actin
ZO family

Question 19

Gap junctions use what CAMs and intracellular adaptors

Answer 19

Connexins

ZO

Question 20

Classic and atypical cadherins include

Answer 20

Classic: Type I- E, N, R-cadherin
Type II- VE-cadherin
Atypical: T-cadherin, LI-cadherin

Question 21

In transitional bladder cancer, what type of changes in cadherin do you see

Answer 21

Increase in N-cadherin

Decrease in E-cadherin

Question 22

ICAM/VCAM location

Answer 22

Vascular endothelial cells

Question 23

MAdCAM location

Answer 23

Mucosal endothelium-direct lymphocyte entry to mucosa

Question 24

Selectins function

Answer 24

Bind extracellular carbohydrates

Allows for leukocyte rolling during adhesion cascade

Question 25

What are focal contacts

Answer 25

They link cells to extracellular matrix or basil lamina

Question 26

What is fibronectin

Answer 26

Multi-adhesive matrix protein