Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COM MSK > Back Osteology > Flashcards

Back Osteology Flashcards

1
Q

Regions of the temporal bone

A

Squamous
Petrous
Mastoid (includes styloid process/mandibular fossa)
Tympanic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Regions of occipital bone

A 
Squamous part (external)- includes superior/inferior nuchal line
Squamous part (internal)
Internal/external basilar part
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pharyngeal tubercle of external basilar portion of occipital bone- what muscle inserts here

A

Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Occipital condyle articulates with

A

Superior articulating process of the Atlas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Posterior arch of atlas contains

A 
Groove for vertebral artery
Posterior tubercle (analogous to spinous process)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Features of lateral mass of the Atlas

A

Tubercle for transverse ligament (origin/contralateral insertion of transverse band of cruciform ligament)
Superior articulating process (for occipital condyles)
Inferior articulating process (for C2)
Transverse process- transverse foramen for vertebral A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Jeffersons fracture

A

Cause by blow to top of the head. Both arches of the atlas are fractured. Typically does not injure spinal cord, but it is possible if the transverse L. is ruptured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vertebral body of axis contains

A

Odontoid process aka; dens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hangmans fracture

A

Fracture of the vertebral arch of the axis

Caused by hyperextension of head/neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Odontoid process fracture

A

Can occur after horizontal blow to head

If it breaks at its base, it will usually not heal because transverse L. is holding it away from blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Vertebral body of typical cervical vertebrae (3-6) contain

A

Uncinate process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Spina Bifida

A

Vertebral lamina fail to fuse and close off the vertebral canal
Commonly occurs at L5 and S1
Small patch of hair occurs over the defect
If neural tissue and meninges are involved it is referred to as spina bifida cystica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is significant about cervical vertebrae spinous processes

A

They are often bifid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Posterior and anterior tubercles on transverse processes of C1-C6 are attachment for

A

Posterior: Levator scapulae, scalene and splenius cervicis muscles
Anterior: Longus colli, capitis and scalene muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the anterior tubercle on C6 also known as

A

Carotid tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Costotransverse bar

A

Lateral boundary of transverse foramen

Contains depressed area that accommodates the anterior rami of spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why does it require less force to dislocate cervical vertebrae

A

Because the articulating facets are more horizontal

However, due to large vertebral foramen, this does not usually result in injury to spinal cord

18
Q

Vertebral body of thoracic vertebrae

A

Articulates with the ribs
Superior costal facet- meets with costal head of same segment
Inferior costal facet- meets with costal head one segment up

19
Q

Spondylosis vs Spondylolysis vs Spondylolisthesis

A

Spondylosis- calcification of edges of vertebral body
Spondylolysis- Separation of vertebra arch from vertebral body
Spondylolisthesis- Anterior displacement of vertebral body on the inferior vertebral segment

20
Q

Superior articular facet of ribs

A

Articulates with inferior costal demifacet on thoracic vertebral body one segment superior

21
Q

Inferior articular facet of ribs

A

Articulates with superior costal demifacet on thoracic vertebral body of same segment

22
Q

Tubercle of ribs

A

Possesses articular part and non articular part
Articular facet articulates w/transverse costal facet on thoracic vertebrae
Non articular part is attachment point for lateral costotransverse ligament

23
Q

Costal groove and costal angle on body of ribs

A

Groove houses intercostal nerve and vessels

Angle is the anterolateral turning point of the rib

24
Q

Vertebral body of lumbar vertebrae

A

Very large and kidney shaped

25
Q

Vertebral foramen of lumbar vertebrae

A

Transmits spinal cord, conus medullaris and cauda equina

Very large and triangular

26
Q

Accessory process of lumbar vertebrae

A

Located on transverse process

Attachment for intertransversarii muscles

27
Q

Mamillary process

A

Located on superior articulating process

Attachment for multifidi muscles and intertransversarii muscles

28
Q

Lumbar spinal stenosis

A

Narrowing of the lumbar vertebral foramen, may cause compression of spinal nerve roots
Much worse when compounded with intervertebral disc bulging

29
Q

Lumbar puncture

A

Performed between L3/L4 or L4/L5 at level of the iliac crests. This level is chosen to avoid injuring the spinal cord

30
Q

Articular surface or sacrum

A

Articulates with articular surface of ilium

31
Q

Hemisacrilization and lumbarization

A

Hemisacrilization-Partial or complete incorporation of the L5 vertebral segment into the sacrum.
Lumbarization- Separation of the S1 vertebrae from the sacrum

32
Q

Median sacral crest

A

Fused spinous processes

33
Q

Medial (intermediate) sacral crest

A

Fused articulating processes

34
Q

Lateral sacral crest

A

Fused transverse processes

35
Q

Posterior/dorsal sacral foramina

A

Smaller than anterior sacral foramina

Transmit posterior ramus of sacral spinal nerves

36
Q

Sacral hiatus

A

Gap left by absence of lamina and spinous process of S5

37
Q

Anterior sacral foramina

A

Larger

Transmit anterior ramus of sacral spinal nerves

38
Q

Apex

A

Articular facet for coccyx

39
Q

Sacrum is how many fused vertebrae

A

5

40
Q

Coccygodynia

A

Caused by abrupt falls on lower back and difficult child birth that results in bruising/dislocation/fracture of coccyx
Painful and difficult to treat

41
Q

Primary vs secondary curvatures of vertebral column

A

Primary- Thoracic and sacral kyphoses

Secondary- Cervical and lumbar lordosis- result from extension from fetal position

42
Q

Kyphosis vs lordosis vs scoliosis

A

Kyphosis- exaggerated curving of thoracic vertebrae causing hump back
Lordosis- curving of lumbar vertebrae resulting in sway back
Scoliosis- lateral curving of spine to right or left

COM MSK (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions