Upper Appendicular Skeleton

Question 1

What two bones is the pectoral girdle made up of?

Answer 1

• clavicle

- scapulae

Question 2

Describe the clavicle, including its articulation points

Answer 2

• s-shaped bone

- articulates medially with the manubrium of the sternum and laterally with the acromion

Question 3

Describe the scapula, including its articulation points

Answer 3

• broad, flat, triangle (3 borders, and 3 angles)
• bony ridge on posterior is the spine
• acromion process is on the lateral side
• the anterior projection is called the coracoid process
• the glenoid cavity articulates with the head of the humerus

Question 4

What are the greater and lesser tubercles on the humerus for?

Answer 4

muscle attachment

Question 5

What is the intertubercular sulcus on the humerus for?

Answer 5

passage of biceps brachii tendon and muscle attachment

Question 6

Name 6 proximal parts of the humerus.

Answer 6

• head
• anatomical neck
• surgical neck
• greater tubercle
• lesser tubercle
• intertubercular sulcus

Question 7

Name 6 distal parts of the humerus.

Answer 7

• shaft
• deltoid tuberosity
• medial epicondyle
• lateral epicondyle
• capitulum
• trochlea

Question 8

What is the deltoid tuberosity on the humerus for?

Answer 8

attachment of deltoid muscle

Question 9

What are the medial and lateral epicondyles on the humerus for?

Answer 9

muscle attachments

Question 10

What is the capitulum on the humerus for?

Answer 10

round lateral projection for articulation with the radius

Question 11

What is the trochlea on the humerus for?

Answer 11

pulley-shaped medial projection for articulation with the ulna

Question 12

Where is the radial fossa on the humerus and what does it articulate with?

Answer 12

• anterior, distal end of the humerus
• lateral depression
• accommodates the head of the radius

Question 13

Where is the coronoid fossa on the humerus and what does it articulate with?

Answer 13

• anterior, distal end of the humerus
• medial depression
• accommodates the coronoid process of the ulna

Question 14

Where is the olecranon fossa on the humerus and what does it articulate with?

Answer 14

• posterior, distal end of the humerus
• largest of the fossae
• accommodates the olecranon process of the ulna

Question 15

Describe the bones of the forearm.

Answer 15

• radius and ulna are parallel

- in anatomical position, radius is lateral to the ulna

Question 16

Name and briefly describe 3 proximal parts of the radius.

Answer 16

• head: articulates with the capitulum of the humerus
• neck: most narrow region
• radial tuberosity: for biceps brachii muscle

Question 17

Name and briefly describe 2 distal parts of the radius.

Answer 17

• styloid process: lateral “wrist bump”

- ulnar notch: medial dent for the head of the ulna

Question 18

Name 4 proximal parts of the ulna.

Answer 18

• trochlear notch
• olecranon
• coronoid process
• radial notch

Question 19

What is the trochlear notch of the ulna for?

Answer 19

accommodates trochlea of humerus

Question 20

What is the olecranon of the ulna for?

Answer 20

• projection that forms the posterior “bump” of the elbow

- attachment site for triceps brachii

Question 21

Where is the coronoid process of the ulna found?

Answer 21

inferior lip of trochlear notch

Question 22

What is the radial notch of the ulna for?

Answer 22

• lateral

- accommodates the head of the radius

Question 23

Name and briefly describe 2 distal parts of the ulna.

Answer 23

• head: knob-like end

- styloid process: posteromedial “wrist bump”

Question 24

How many carpal “wrist” bones do we have in one hand, and how are they organized?

Answer 24

• 8 bones

- 2 rows (1 proximal, 1 distal) of 4

Question 25

Name the carpal bones (from the proximal row: lateral to medial, then the distal row: lateral to medial)

Answer 25

• Scaphoid
• Lunate
• Triquetrum
• Pisiform
• Trapezium
• Trapezoid
• Capitate
• Hamate

Question 26

How many metacarpal bones do we have in one hand, and how are they named?

Answer 26

• 5

- named by Roman numerals I-V (I is the base of the thumb, V is the base of the pinky)

Question 27

How many phalanges are in one hand, and how many per finger?

Answer 27

• 14 in one hand

- 3 per finger (proximal, middle, and distal), except for the pollex/thumb (proximal and distal)