UNIT ONE: DNA Flashcards
What is a gene
The basic unit passed from parent to child.
Made up of DNA in chromosomes.
Where do you find a gene/DNA
Chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell
What are proteins made up of?
Amino acids
What is mRNA?
Messenger/ single stranded part of DNA
How does mRNA get from the nucleus to Ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
At the ribosome every 3 bases of mRNA codes for 1 amino acid.
eg
C A A G T A TAG
What are the types of proteins?
S- Structural
H- Hormones
A - Antibody
R - Receptor
E - Enzymes
What does a Structural Protein do?
Provides support and Shape
What does a hormone Protein do?
Chemical Messenger
What does a Antibody Protein do?
Protects against pathogens
What does a Receptor Protein do?
Fixes with a specific hormone
What does a Enzyme Protein do?
Biological catalyst
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction but is unchanged in the process and can be used again.
What is a substrate?
The substance the enzyme works on
What is the product?
The substance the enzyme makes
How does a substrate join to a enzyme?
The are specific, they only join with one substrate, through the active site.
