Unit 7: Imperial Athens 479–431 BCE: Terms

Question 1

Acropolis of Athens

Answer 1

A fortified hilltop in Athens, home to major temples like the Parthenon.

Question 2

Agora

Answer 2

The central marketplace and civic space of Athens, where political and social life thrived.

Question 3

Delian League

Answer 3

A Greek alliance led by Athens to defend against Persia, later becoming the Athenian Empire.

Question 4

Erectheum

Answer 4

An Ionic temple on the Acropolis, known for the Caryatid Porch with female statues as columns.

Question 5

First Peloponnesian War (460–445 BCE)

Answer 5

A conflict between Athens and Sparta before the more famous war in 431 BCE.

Question 6

Metics

Answer 6

Foreigners living in Athens who had economic rights but no political privileges.

Question 7

Parthenon

Answer 7

A temple dedicated to Athena, symbolizing Athenian power and Classical Greek architecture.

Question 8

Pericles

Answer 8

An Athenian leader who expanded democracy, promoted imperialism, and led Athens during its Golden Age.

Question 9

Phidias

Answer 9

The sculptor responsible for the Parthenon’s statue of Athena and other major works.

Question 10

Reforms of Ephialtes

Answer 10

Democratic reforms that reduced the power of the Areopagus and increased citizen participation.

Question 11

Thirty Years’ Peace (445 BCE)

Answer 11

A treaty between Athens and Sparta that temporarily halted conflict before the Peloponnesian War.